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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 杏树上冰核细菌种类及其冰核活性与杏花霜冻关系的研究 中国农业科学 2000,33 (6) 50-58
Position: Home > Articles > Species of Ice Nucleation Active Bacteria on the Apricot and the Relationship Between Their Activity and Flower Frost Scientia Agricultura Sinica 2000,33 (6) 50-58

杏树上冰核细菌种类及其冰核活性与杏花霜冻关系的研究

作  者：
孙福在;赵廷昌;杨建民;曹晓宇;唐朝荣;孟庆瑞
单  位：
江苏省农药研究所;中国农业科学院植物保护研究所植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室;河北农业?;河北农业大学林学院
关键词：
INA细菌;杏树;霜冻;冰核活性
摘  要：
近年从我国河北省仁用杏树上采集了 60个标样 ,从中分离到 1 9株冰核细菌菌株 ,经细菌学鉴定确认是 2个属中的 2个种 :Pseudomonas syringaepv.syringae Van Hall1 92 0 ,有 9株 ,占 47.3% ;Erwinia uredovora (Pon et al.) Dye 1 963,有 1 0株 ,占 52 .6% ,前者冰核活性高于后者。按 - 3℃产生一个冰核所需细菌数量差异来划分冰核活性等级 ,测定结果表明 ,强菌株有 4株 ,占 2 1 .1 % ;中等菌株有 3株 ,占 1 5.8% ;弱菌株有 1 2株 ,占 63.1 % ;总体冰核活性属于中等。研究 INA细菌与花瓣霜冻关系结果表明 ,在低温胁迫下 ,INA细菌能大幅度提高花瓣相对电导率值 ,增大细胞原生质膜渗透性 ,提高过冷却点 2～ 3℃ ,能在 - 3～ - 4℃引起花瓣结冰而发生严重霜冻 ,比未接 INA细菌的对照提高结冰温度 2℃左右。该结果证明了 INA细菌是诱发和加重杏树花期霜冻的重要因素
译  名：
Species of Ice Nucleation Active Bacteria on the Apricot and the Relationship Between Their Activity and Flower Frost
作  者：
Sun Fuzai 1,Zhao Tingchang 1,Yang Jianmin 2, Cao Xiaoyu 3,Tang Chaorong 1,Meng Qingrui 2 ( 1 Institute of Plant Protection, CAAS, Beijing 100094; 2 College of Forestry; Hebei Agricultural University; 3 Pesticide Research Institute of Jiangsu
关键词：
INA bacteria;Apricot;Frost;INA
摘  要：
During 1996～1997, sixty samples were collected from apricot in Hebei province, from which nineteen ice nucleation active bacterial strains were isolated. After bacteriological determination, nine stains were identified as Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae Van Hall 1920, while the others were Erwinia uredovora (Pon et al.) Dye 1963. Assay of ice nucleation activity (INA) showed that the activity of the Pseudomonas strains were higher than the Erwinia ones. According to the number of bacterial cells required to produce one ice nucleus active at -3℃, four stains were classified as strong ones, three as medium strong, the remainder as weak. In general, the INA of these strains were regarded as medium strong. Under stress of low temperatures, treatment of INA bacteria can greatly raised relative electric conductivity of petals and permeability of cell membrane. The treated petals showed symptoms of serious frost at -3 ～-4℃ and had supercooling points of 2 ～3 ℃ higher than controls. Our results demonstrated that INA bacteria are one major factor to incite frost damage to apricot flowers. So we may relieve frost injury to apricot during flowering phage through control of INA bacteria.

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