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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 秸秆腐熟物覆盖对板栗园土壤微生物、养分含量和产量的影响 果树学报 2012 (6) 1057-1062
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of straw hydrolysate mulching on soil microbial quantities,soil nutrient contents and yield in chestnut orchard Journal of Fruit Science 2012 (6) 1057-1062

秸秆腐熟物覆盖对板栗园土壤微生物、养分含量和产量的影响

作  者：
张桂玲
单  位：
临沂大学
关键词：
板栗园;秸秆覆盖;土壤微生物;土壤养分;产量
摘  要：
【目的】研究了不同秸秆腐解物覆盖对板栗(Castanea mollissima Blume)园土壤微生物数量、土壤肥力及板栗产量的影响,为合理选择利用秸秆提供依据。【方法】以玉米秸、水稻秸、小麦秸和棉花秸为覆盖材料,覆盖质量均为5.0 kg·m-2,以不覆盖为对照,利用田间试验研究了不同秸秆腐解物覆盖对板栗园土壤微生物数量、土壤养分含量及板栗产量影响的差异。【结果】结果表明,与对照相比,秸秆腐解物覆盖后除棉花秸根际和非根际土壤速效磷、全P含量和非根际土壤放线菌数量差异均不显著外,其他处理土壤碱解N、速效K、速效P、全N、全P、全K、有机质含量、土壤氨化细菌、真菌、放线菌数量、果苞数和产量差异均达到显著水平,其中根际和非根际土壤碱解N、速效P、全N、全P含量、土壤氨化细菌、真菌数量、有机质含量均以玉米秸的平均升幅最高,分别为105.14%、121.48%、59.70%、62.50%、49.39%、123.62%和49.79%;土壤速效K、全K含量、土壤放线菌数量均以水稻秸的平均升幅最高,分别为127.26%、41.51%和80.95%;苞果数和产量均以玉米秸升幅最高,分别为38.30%和28.77%。【结论】玉米秸、水稻秸、小麦秸和棉花秸杆均可作为板栗园秸秆覆盖材料;综合各种效应不同处理优劣顺序为:玉米秸>水稻秸、小麦秸>棉花秸。
译  名：
Effects of straw hydrolysate mulching on soil microbial quantities,soil nutrient contents and yield in chestnut orchard
作  者：
ZHANG Gui-ling(Linyi University,Linyi,Shandong 276005 China)
关键词：
Chestnut;Straw mulching;Soil microbial populations;Soil nutrients;Yield
摘  要：
【Objective】The study is to explore the effect of straw hydrolysate mulching on soil microbial populations,soil nutrient contents and chestnut yield for providing the basis for their reasonable utilization.【Method】Corn(Zea mays)stalks,rice(Oryza sativ) straw,wheat(Triticum aestivum)straw and cotton(Gossypium spp.) stalks with 5.0 kg·m-2 of covering weight,respectively were used as the mulching materials,and no covering was as control.【Result】The results showed that the contents of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen(N),total nitrogen(N),available phosphorus(P),total phosphorus(P),available potassium(K),total potassium(K),organic matter,the quantities of the ammonification bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes,the number of floral bud and yield significantly increased in all treatments except for total phosphorus(P) and available phosphorus(P) in the rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soils and the quantities of actinomycetes in non-rhizospheric soils in cotton stalk treatment.The average increase rate of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available potassium,total N,total P and organic matter,the quantities of the ammonification bacteria and fungi in corn stalk treatment was the highest,and increased by 105.14%,121.48%,59.70%,62.50%,49.39%,123.62% and 49.79%,respectively.The average increase rate of available potassium(K),total potassium(K) and the quantities of actinomycetes in rice straw treatment was the highest,and increased by 127.26%,41.51% and 80.95%,respectively.Number of floral bud and yield in corn stalks was the highest,and increased by 38.30% and 28.77%,respectively.【Conclusion】The studies suggested that corn stalk,rice straw,whea straw and cotton stalk can be selected as mulching materials for chestnut orchard.The order of the mulching materials according to its effect was:corn stalk>rice straw,wheat straw>cotton stalk.

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