Impacts of Slopping Farm- land Management Mesures and their Combination on Soil and Water Environment and Nutrient Loss

Chai Yu;Wei Yongxia;Zhang Baoli;Bai Yang;College of Water Conservancy and Building Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University;Key Laboratory of Water saving Agricu lture in Heilongjiang Province Colleges and Universities;Water Conservancy Department,Red Star Farm of Heilongjiang Land Reclamation Bureau;

gentle hilly black soil region;;slopping farmland;;natural rainfall;;soil and water conservation measures;;runoff;;soil erosion;;soil nutrient loss

Aming at the serious problems in soil and water loss of slopping farmland in gentle hilly black soil region of song- nen plain,took 3 tillage measures including deep lossing,straw returning and furrow damming and 2 engineering measures of mole drain and pipe drain. And combined them each other oganicly into 4 comprehensive technique models.Took the slopping farmland with 3。of slope gradient in Hongxing farm of the Beian sub- bureau of Heilongjiang Reclamation as the research object,from 2011 to 2012,the experiments of rainfall runoff,sediment under the condition of natural rainfall has been conducted,and analysed the characteristics of soil erosion and nutrient loss under different modes during the period of maize growth. Results showed that four comprehensive modes had positive effects both on water and soil environment and nutrient loss control. Among which the mode of SAQ( the combination of mole drain,pipe drain and furrow damming) was the best. Compared to the conventional tillage treatent,the surface runoff and soil erosion of SAQ declined to 71. 27 mm and 11. 839( t / hm2) respectively. The ratioes of the organic matter,alkaline hydrolysis N,Olsen-P,Olsen- K loss account for 0. 16%,0. 14%,0. 04% and 0,04% of the conventional tillage respectively.