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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 氮肥用量对设施滴灌栽培番茄产量品质及土壤硝态氮累积的影响 农业环境科学学报 2013,32 (11) 2246-2250
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of Nitrogen Rates on Tomato Yield and Quality and Soil Nitrate Accumulation Under Drip Irrigation in Solar Greenhouse Journal of Agro-Environment Science 2013,32 (11) 2246-2250

氮肥用量对设施滴灌栽培番茄产量品质及土壤硝态氮累积的影响

作  者：
毕晓庆;山楠;杜连凤;安志装;赵同科;张成军
单  位：
北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所
关键词：
设施番茄;施氮量;土壤硝态氮;产量;品质
摘  要：
为了明确滴灌条件下设施番茄适宜的氮肥施用量,选择北京市顺义区代表性日光温室进行田间试验,设置0、90、180、270、360、450 kg·hm-26个氮肥水平,研究不同氮肥用量对设施滴灌栽培番茄产量、品质及土壤硝态氮累积分布的影响。结果表明:氮肥施用量为0~360 kg·hm-2时,随氮肥施用量的增加番茄产量增高;当施氮量超过360 kg·hm-2时,番茄产量随施氮量增加却呈下降趋势。番茄品质随施氮量的增加而提高,当施氮量为450 kg·hm-2时,番茄果实的糖酸比最高,风味较佳。随着施N量的增加,各层土壤硝态氮含量明显增加,尤其当施氮量大于270 kg·hm-2时,土壤硝态氮含量显著增加。施氮量360 kg·hm-2为0~100 cm土壤硝态氮累积量增加的拐点,土壤硝态氮累积量与0~360 kg·hm-2施氮量呈线性相关。结合北京郊区土壤肥力状况,番茄氮肥推荐施用量为270~360 kg·hm-2,在当前农民习惯施氮量450 kg·hm-2条件下,减少氮肥用量20%~40%,可以达到设施番茄高产、优质,且环境风险较小的目的。
译  名：
Effects of Nitrogen Rates on Tomato Yield and Quality and Soil Nitrate Accumulation Under Drip Irrigation in Solar Greenhouse
作  者：
BI Xiao-qing;SHAN Nan;DU Lian-feng;AN Zhi-zhuang;ZHAO Tong-ke;ZHANG Cheng-jun;Institute of Plant Nutrition and Natural Resources,Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences;
关键词：
tomato;;nitrogen application rate;;soil nitrate;;yield;;nutritional quality
摘  要：
Soil excessive nitrogen(N)causes nitrate pollution in water. Optimal N fertilizer would maintain plant yield and improve water quality. A field trial was carried out to examine the effects of six N application rates(0、90、180、270、360、450 kg N·hm-2)on yield and quality of tomatoes and soil nitrate accumulation in solar greenhouses with drip irrigation in Shunyi District, Beijing. Tomato yield was highest at 360 kg N·hm-2. The highest ratio of soluble sugar to titratable acid contents in tomato fruit was observed at 450 kg N·hm-2. Soil nitrate concentration increased significantly with increasing N application rates, particularly when the rates exceeded 270 kg N·hm-2. These results suggest that the N application rates of 270~360 kg·hm-2, 60%~80% of the typical N application rate, would be optimal for tomato growth and soil nitrate control under drip irrigation in greenhouses. This represents a 20%~40% reduction of the typical N application rate of 450kg·hm-2, and a significant improvement in tomato yield and quality and a reduction in the risk of nitrate release into environment.

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