摘 要：
根据2012—2013年龙江入海口水域的水质调查数据,对该水域氮、磷营养盐分布状况、结构特征及富营养评价进行了研究。结果表明,2012年和2013年DIN含量范围分别为0.808~5.285、0.610~5.383 mg/L,PO4-P含量范围分别为0.028~0.324、0.096~0.643mg/L,呈不同程度的超标状态并有上升趋势。受海水稀释作用,营养盐浓度由河口向外逐渐降低;受枯水期地表径流减少导致营养盐浓缩的影响,营养盐含量呈现冬、春季高,夏、秋季低的季节性变化;NH4-N在DIN中的占比在51.15%~63.25%和43.88%~69.39%之间,DIN的污染程度主要受NH4-N控制。营养盐结构上N/P比值范围为10.83~13.12,接近适合浮游植物生长繁殖的Redfield比值(16∶1),潜在性富营养化程度评价分析表明该水域处于富营养化状态,N、P营养盐绝对浓度高,可能有赤潮等严重海洋生态问题发生的潜在风险。
译 名：
Changes in nitrogen and phosphate and assessments of eutrophication in Longjiang Estuary
作 者：
JIANG Yi-xiong;Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian;
关键词：
marine chemistry;;Longjiang Estuary;;nutrient;;eutrophication
摘 要：
Based on the data from water surveys in 2012 and 2013,the distribution,composition and eutrophication of nitrogen and phosphate in Longjiang Estuary were studied. The results indicated that the DIN and PO4- P concentrations ranged from 0. 808 ~ 5. 285,0. 610 ~ 5. 383 mg / L and 0. 028 ~ 0. 324,0. 096 ~0. 643 mg / L,respectively,and showed varying degrees of excessive status and rising trend. There was a pronounced decreasing trend of N and P concentrations from riverine to marine regions because of the dilution by relative oligotrophic coastal waters,and N and P values in the seawater were high in winter / spring festival and low in summer / autumn festival due to the impact of reduction in surface runoff during the dry season. NH4-N ratios in DIN were as high as 51. 15% ~ 63. 25% and 43. 88% ~ 69. 39% during two years,dominating the state of pollution of DIN in the estuary. The N / P ratios ranged from 10. 83 ~ 13. 12 and were closed to Redfield value( 16∶ 1),based on this nutrient conditions,it may suitable for phytoplankton bloom. The potential eutrophication assessment indicated that the stations in Longjiang Estuary were at the stage of eutrophication,Longjiang Estuary may have faced with more serious threat such as red tide by eutrophication because of the high absolute concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus.
