单 位：
广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室;北京100875 湛江市环境科学技术研究所;广东省生态环境与土壤研究所;北京师范大学水科学研究院;广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室;湛江市环境保护局
关键词：
农业土壤;农作物可食部分;镍;分布特征;富集系数;潜在健康风险;雷州半岛
摘 要：
在雷州半岛采集了106个农业土壤表层样品和43个农作物样品(包括蔬菜、水果、甘蔗和稻谷),分析了土壤和农作物可食部分镍的含量,研究镍的分布特征和富集能力,评价其健康风险。结果表明,雷州半岛土壤中镍平均含量为49.81mg·kg-1,超过国家土壤二级标准(GB15618-1995)的样品占25.47%,徐闻、雷州等地超标较严重。蔬菜和稻谷镍含量分别介于0.083￣0.733mg·kg-1和0.360￣1.09mg·kg-1,不同程度超过食品卫生建议标准,而水果类(含甘蔗)镍含量较低。不同种类农作物可食部分对镍元素的富集均存在着差异,其中蔬菜类的芥菜、小白菜镍的富集能力较强,青瓜、生菜、花菜、油麦菜等蔬菜品种和菠萝、香蕉、橙子、甘蔗等水果类镍的富集能力则较低,菠萝和甘蔗镍的富集系数仅为0.0013和0.0005,较适合在雷州半岛镍含量较高的玄武岩风化土种植;稻谷镍的富集系数介于0.0056￣0.0259,6个样品差异较大,可能与不同样点间土壤pH值不同或复合污染有关。依据USEPA推荐的RfD值和广东省居民平均食物消费结构进行计算,雷州半岛蔬菜、稻谷和水果(含甘蔗)三大类作物可食部分通过土壤-植物-人体途径年平均摄入量为174.4mg·人~(-1)·a~(-1),若考虑其他的摄入途径,雷州半岛农产品中的镍对人体潜在一定的健康风险。
译 名：
Content of Nickel in Agricultural Soils and Crops in Leizhou Peninsula and the Potential Risk to Human Health
作 者：
GUAN Hui1,2, WANG Jin-sheng1, WAN Hong-fu3, LI Pi-xue4,YANG Guo-yi3 (1. College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;2.Institute of Zhanjiang Environmental Science and Technology, Zhanjiang 524022, China; 3.Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agro-enviroment Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; 4.Zhanjiang Environmental Protection Agency, Zhanjiang 524022, China)
关键词：
agricultural soil; edible part in crops; nickel; distribution; bioconcentration factor; health risk; Leizhou Peninsula
摘 要：
In order to study the distribution of nickel in soils and the bio-concentration of edible part in crops, 106 topsoil samples and 43 crop samples (edible part of crops) were collected from 4 functional agriculture areas in Leizhou Peninsula, South China, nickel in the samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS), and the data were analyzed for a healthy risk assessment. Average concentrations of Ni (49. 81 mg·kg-1) in soils were above the national soil secondary standard(GB15618-1995)by 25.47% , and the extent of exceeding the standard in Xuwen and Leizhou was severe. Average concentrations of Ni in edible part of vegetables and paddy rice were 0.083-0.733 mg·kg-1 and 0.360~1.09 mg·kg-1 respectively, which exceeded the recommended standards to some extent. Concentrations of Ni in edible part of fruit (including sugarcane) were relative low. The bioconcentration ability for nickel varied with crops, leaf musdard and small cabbage had relatively strong ability, while, vegetables, including green cucumber, salad, cauliflower and hulless oat, and fruits, including pineapple, banana, orange and sugarcane, had relatively weak ability. Bioconcentration factors of nickel in pineapples and sugarcanes were 0.0013 and 0.0005 respectively, so the two plants were suitable to grow in afflorescent soils of basalt in Leizhou Peninsula. Bioconcentration factors of nickel in paddy rice ranged from 0.0056 to 0.0259, and were different in 6 samples which may contributed to the differences of soil pH and composite pollution in different samples. It was calculated by RfD and average food consumption structure of resident in Guangdong province that annual mean intake of nickel in edible part of vegetable, paddy rice and fruit (including sugarcane) varieties by pathway to soil-plant-human being was 174.4 mg, and if other intake pathways considered, the concentrations of Ni in crops from Leizhou Peninsula may lead to a little of healthy risk for human being.
