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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 恶性入侵植物刺苍耳浸出液对油麦菜种子的化感作用研究 草业学报 2017,26 (2) 146-152
Position: Home > Articles > Allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts fromXanthium spinosumon seed germination and seedling growth of Lactuca sativa var. longifolia Acta Prataculturae Sinica 2017,26 (2) 146-152

恶性入侵植物刺苍耳浸出液对油麦菜种子的化感作用研究

作  者：
董芳慧;刘影;冷家明;于玮利;赵玉
单  位：
伊犁师范学院生物与地理科学学院;伊犁师范学院化学与环境科学学院
关键词：
刺苍耳;油麦菜;萌发;生长;化感作用
摘  要：
刺苍耳被我国列为外来有害入侵物种,在我国的伊犁河谷地区大规模侵入草原、农田、荒漠、森林生态系统,给当地的生态安全、生态系统的生物多样性和农牧业发展带来严重威胁。为了揭示刺苍耳在入侵地群落演替中的作用及恶性入侵的化学生态学机制,以刺苍耳整株的水提液对油麦菜种子进行处理,探讨刺苍耳水提液对油麦菜种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:随着刺苍耳水提液浓度的增加,受体植物油麦菜种子的萌发率、发芽势、萌发指数均显著受到抑制,种子萌发进程也表现出显著的推迟现象。与对照相比,刺苍耳水提液在0.01g/mL水平即可使油麦菜幼苗的根长受到显著抑制。随着刺苍耳浸提液浓度的增加,油麦菜幼苗的根长逐渐缩短,各处理组与对照间均存在极显著差异,当浓度增至0.08g/mL则表现为完全抑制效应。同时,随着刺苍耳浸提液浓度的增加,油麦菜种子萌发的化感效应指数RI逐渐降低。在同一浸取液浓度下,种子萌发的化感效应指数随萌发时间的增加而降低。因此,刺苍耳植株水提液含有对油麦菜有害的化感物质,抑制其种子萌发和根的伸长生长。
译  名：
Allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts fromXanthium spinosumon seed germination and seedling growth of Lactuca sativa var. longifolia
作  者：
DONG Fang-Hui;LIU Ying;LENG Jia-Ming;YU Wei-Li;ZHAO Yu;Chemistry and Environment Science School,Yili Normal University;Biology and Geography Science School,Yili Normal University;University and College Key Lab of Natural Product Chemistry and Application in Xinjiang;
关键词：
Xanthium spinosum;;Lactuca sativa var. longifolia;;germination;;growth;;allelopathic effect
摘  要：
Xanthium spinosumis a noxious invasive weed that is spreading throughout Xinjiang Province.This plant threatens ecological safety,biodiversity,and agricultural development in affected areas.Because X.spinosumhas shown strong adaptation to the divergent environment in the Ili River valley,samples of X.spinosumcollected from this area were used as the research material in this study.To explore the allelopathic effects of this weed on vegetation succession and to determine the chemical mechanism of its noxious invasion,seeds of lettuce(Lactuca sativa var.longifolia)were treated with different concentrations of an aqueous extract of X.spinosum.The germination rate,germination energy,and germination index of lettuce seeds all decreased with increasing concentrations of the aqueous extract,and the germination speed was inhibited to different degrees.Compared with the control group,the seedlings treated with the extract at a concentration of 0.01g/mL showed significantly inhibited root length.As the concentration of the aqueous extract increased,the root length of seedlings was significantly inhibited and there were significant differences in root length among the different treatments.The aqueous extract at a concentration of 0.08g/mL showed the strongest inhibitory effect on seedling root length.The index of allelopathic effect(RI)decreased as the concentration of aqueous extract increased and the duration of the treatment extended.The results indicated that the aqueous extract of X.spinosumcontained some allelopathic substances that inhibited seed germination and root elongation.The results of this study provide important information on the allelopathic effects of X.spinosumon vegetation succession and on the chemical mechanism of its invasion.

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