关键词：
分根区交替灌溉;根系养分吸收;根系活力;加工番茄;干旱区
摘 要：
为探究分根区交替灌溉对新疆干旱区膜下滴灌加工番茄根系特征及产量的影响,利用盆栽试验研究3种灌溉方式,即分根区交替灌溉(APRI)、固定灌溉(FPRI)和常规灌溉(CDI)分别与滴灌覆膜结合,在3个灌水水平(常规灌溉5 850 m3·hm-2、中度亏水4 500 m3·hm-2和重度亏水3 150 m3·hm-2,交替灌溉和固定灌溉的灌溉定额为常规灌溉的三分之二)下加工番茄生育期末根系特征和产量变化。结果表明,加工番茄根系集中分布于表层(0~20 cm),分根区交替灌溉对加工番茄根系的影响主要表现在位于表层(0~20 cm)且直径≤2 mm的细小根系上。加工番茄根质量、根长、根表面积、根体积及平均直径受灌水方式和灌水水平交互作用的影响显著,且与产量成显著线性正相关,增大灌水量,有利于根系生长壮大。分根区交替灌溉显著提高了根系的各项特征参数值,在常规灌水水平下达到最大值,且产量最高,与常规灌溉相比,增产18.84%。分根区交替灌溉同时也提高了根系对N、P、K养分的吸收水平,且在中度亏水下根系活力最高,分别显著高于常规灌溉和固定灌溉处理6.12%、11.60%。综上,分根区交替灌溉能够有效刺激复水区根系生长的补偿效应,促进根系吸收养分、生长壮大并提高产量。本研究结果为当地加工番茄高产高效的种植模式提供了理论依据。
译 名：
Effects of Alternate Partial Root-zone Irrigation on Root Characteristic and Yield of Processing Tomato Under Drip Irrigation
作 者：
ZHAO Di;WANG Zhenhua;LI Wenhao;ZHANG Jinzhu;LYU Desheng;College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Shihezi University;Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production & Construction Group;
单 位：
ZHAO Di%WANG Zhenhua%LI Wenhao%ZHANG Jinzhu%LYU Desheng%College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Shihezi University%Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production & Construction Group
关键词：
alternate partial root-zoon irrigation;;root nutrient absorption;;root vitality;;processing tomato;;arid area
摘 要：
To investigate the effect of alternate root-zone irrigation on the root characteristics and yield of processing tomato under drip irrigation in arid regions of Xinjiang,pot experiments were carried out on three irrigation methods(APRI,FPRI and CDI) with three irrigation quotas(conventional irrigation level of 5 850 m3·hm-2,moderate water deficit of 4 500 m3·hm-2 and severe water deficit of 3 150 m3·hm-2,the irrigation quota of APRI and FPRI are two thirds as CDI) coupled with drip irrigation. The results showed that the root system of processing tomato was mainly distributed in the range of 0-20 cm soil layer,and the effect of alternate partial root-zone irrigation was mainly reflected in the superficial roots of processing tomato with a diameter of ≤2 mm. The root quality,root length,root surface area,root volume and average diameter of processing tomato were significantly affected by the interaction of irrigation method and irrigation level,and had a significant positive linear correlation with the yield,which increased irrigation volume and was beneficial to root growth. Alternative partial root-zone irrigation significantly increased the characteristic values of root system,reached the maximum at the conventional irrigation level,and the highest yield was 18. 84% higher than that of conventional irrigation. Alternative partial root-zone irrigation also increased the uptake of N,P and K nutrients in roots,and showed significant differences with other treatments. The alternate partial root-zone irrigation also increased the absorption of N,P and K nutrients in the root system and the highest root activity in the moderately depleted water,which was significantly higher than that of conventional irrigation and fixed irrigation treatments 6. 12% and 11. 60%,respectively. Alternate partial root-zone irrigation can not only effectively stimulate the compensation effect of restoring root growth in the water supply area,but also promote root absorption nutrients,root growth and production. This study provided a theoretical basis for the high yield and efficient planting mode of the local processing tomato
