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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 卡拉麦里山蒙古野驴的现状与保护 野生动物学报 2015,36 (2) 162-165
Position: Home > Articles > The Current Status and Protection of Asiatic Wild Ass(Equus hemionus) at Kalamailishan Nature Reserve Chinese Journal of Wildlife 2015,36 (2) 162-165

卡拉麦里山蒙古野驴的现状与保护

作  者：
彭向前
单  位：
新疆卡拉麦里山自然保护区昌吉管理站
关键词：
蒙古野驴;种群数量;生态;影响因素
摘  要：
蒙古野驴(Equus hemionus)是国家Ⅰ级保护野生动物,被列入濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约(CITES)附录Ⅰ中。卡拉麦里山自然保护区是蒙古野驴在我国种群数量最大的分布区,同时蒙古野驴也是卡拉麦里山自然保护区的主要保护动物,其种群数量和分布的变动反映着当地生态环境的变化。近年来,准东煤电煤化工产业开发在促进当地经济社会发展的同时,也给卡拉麦里山的野生动物带来了不利影响。通过路线调查和文献资料统计,比较了蒙古野驴种群数量及分布情况的历史变化,分析了卡拉麦里山蒙古野驴的栖息地现状,进行环境质量评估的同时指出了影响野驴种群数量变动的主要因素,并提出了保护生物多样性的措施,指出应以加强保护区建设管理为基础,在保护区周边适宜区域建立生态恢复区,恢复受损生境之间的生态走廊和饮水地,改善野生动物的栖息生境和恢复种群数量。
译  名：
The Current Status and Protection of Asiatic Wild Ass(Equus hemionus) at Kalamailishan Nature Reserve
作  者：
Peng Xiangqian;Changji Management Station of Xinjiang Kalamailishan Ungulates Nature Reserve;
关键词：
Asiatic wild ass;;Population;;Ecology;;Protected area management;;Impact mitigation;;Habitat restoration
摘  要：
Asiatic wild ass(Equus hemionus) is a first-grade state protected species in China,is listed in appendix I of CITES,and is listed by IUCN as Endangered.Xinjiang Kalamailishan Ungulates Nature Reserve was established mainly to protect the largest population of Asiatic wild ass in China.Variation in population size and distribution of wild ass reflects changes in the local ecological environment.In recent years,the coal power and chemical industries of Zhundong(located in the eastern Junggar Basin)promoted local economic and social development,meanwhile negatively influencing wildlife at Kalamailishan.We assessed historical variation in population size and distribution of Asiatic wild ass by field transect survey and literature review.The status of wild ass habitat in Kalamailishan was analyzed,environmental quality was assessed,and the main factors influencing change in numbers of wild asses were identified.We recommend measures to protect biodiversity as follows:strengthen reserve management,establish ecological restoration areas in appropriate areas surrounding the reserve,restore ecological corridors and water sources between damaged habitats,and improve the condition of wildlife habitat and restore populations.

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