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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 黑膜覆盖控制黄瓜根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)的效果 农业工程学报 2004,20 (4) 234-237
Position: Home > Articles > Effect of controling root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) of cucumber by soil solarization under black plastic film mulching Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering 2004,20 (4) 234-237

黑膜覆盖控制黄瓜根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)的效果

作  者：
刘晓英;杨修;马春森
单  位：
中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所
关键词：
根结线虫;黑膜覆盖;土壤曝晒消毒;黄瓜
摘  要：
从土壤线虫含量、根结级别和黄瓜生长与产量等方面分析了黑膜覆盖控制黄瓜根结线虫的效果。结果显示,黑膜覆盖消毒并经过一个黄瓜生长季以后,土壤5、10、15、20、30cm线虫数量比对照减少26.9%、13.9%、2.9%、1.9%和0.9%。控制效果随土壤深度增加而下降,同时植物寄生线虫数量减少5%。根结线虫主要分布在0～30cm土层,占总量的97.7%～98.5%。从对根系的危害来看,覆黑膜后黄瓜根结线虫的发病程度比对照明显下降,为害为 级,而对常规药剂消毒的植株根系为害达到 级。黑膜覆盖消毒不仅使黄瓜产量提高6%,畸形瓜率下降(黑膜覆盖下畸形率为10%,对照为60%),而且成本比药剂消毒低57%。尽管黑膜覆盖消毒对土壤线虫含量的控制效果不太理想,但从黄瓜生长和产量以及根结着生来看,其控制效果仍然优于药剂消毒。这说明黑膜覆盖主要以降低线虫活性和侵染能力、推迟侵染时间为特征。初步得出结论,经过40d黑膜覆盖消毒可有效控制黄瓜根结线虫的发生及危害。
译  名：
Effect of controling root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) of cucumber by soil solarization under black plastic film mulching
作  者：
Liu Xiaoying, Yang Xiu, Ma Chunsen (Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)
关键词：
root knot nematode; black plastic mulching; soil solarization; cucumber
摘  要：
Based on the population of root knot nematode in soil, degree of root knot and growth and yield of cucumber, this paper studied on control effect of soil solarization by black plastic film mulching on root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) of cucumber. Results showed that the population of root knot nematode in solarized soil at 5 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm decreased by 26.9%, 13.9%, 2.9%, 1.9% and 0.9% compared with the check, unsolarized and disinfested by chemical nematicides, even after a growing season. The controlling effect decreased with the soil depth. Also, the number of phytoparasitic nematodes decreased by 5%. The nematodes, declining in number with soil depth, mainly distributed in 0~30 cm and accounted for 97.7%~98.5% of the total. The damage to root growth of the solarized(the Ⅰ degree) group was significantly lower than that of the check(the Ⅳ degree). The soil solarization increased not only the cucumber yield, but also quality. Meanwhile, the cost of the solarization with plastic film mulch was 57% less than that of the check, and it is environmentally friendly. Though the unsatisfactory effect revealed by the number of the nematodes, the controlling effect of solarization was better than that of the check in growth, yield and content of root knot nematode. This suggested that the control of root knot nematodes by solarization with black plastic film mulch was characterized by the decreased vigor, infectibility and the delayed infection. It is preliminarily concluded that soil solarization for 40 d under the wet weather can effectively control the incidence and damage of root knot nematode.

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