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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 中国奶牛养殖环境效率测算分析 农业经济问题 2017 (03) 80-88+111-112
Position: Home > Articles > Research on the Environmental Efficiency and Its Determinants in Dairy Farming in China Issues in Agricultural Economy 2017 (03) 80-88+111-112

中国奶牛养殖环境效率测算分析

作  者：
李翠霞;曹亚楠
单  位：
东北农业大学经济管理学院
关键词：
奶牛养殖;环境效率;技术效率;差异性;影响因素
摘  要：
本文运用SBM-Undesirable模型测算了2004—2014年中国29个省份不同规模奶牛养殖场的环境效率与提升潜力,并运用Tobit模型分析了影响其环境效率的因素。研究结果表明,不同规模奶牛养殖场环境效率存在显著差异,大规模养殖场环境效率最高,小规模次之,中规模最低,且都具有很大提升潜力;奶牛养殖环境效率省际差异性明显,北京、山东、河北、天津、云南、陕西、新疆不同规模养殖场环境效率值都处在全国平均水平以上;如果忽略环境污染因素,奶牛养殖平均效率值将被高估0.1657,加入非期望产出指标后,黑龙江省养殖效率在省际间排名下降幅度最大;奶牛养殖环境效率和技术效率之间存在较高的相关性;奶牛日单产水平和每单位劳动力创造的养殖业产值对环境效率具有显著的正向影响。
译  名：
Research on the Environmental Efficiency and Its Determinants in Dairy Farming in China
作  者：
LI Cuixia;CAO Ya'nan;
摘  要：
Based on the SBM-Undesirable model,this paper estimates the environmental efficiency and upgrade potential in dairy farms of different scale in 29 provinces of China from 2004 to 2014. Moreover,the factors that affect the environmental efficiency are analyzed by using Tobit model. The conclusions are as follows: there are significant differences in environmental efficiency among the different dairy farming scale,and the environmental efficiency of the large-scale dairy farms is the highest,followed bythe small-scale and the medium-scale. There is great potential to improve environmental efficiency in dairy farms of different scale. The environmental efficiency is different obviously among provinces,environmental efficiency of dairy farming in Beijing,Shandong,Hebei,Tianjin,Yunnan,Shaanxi and Xinjiang farms were higher than the average level; considering the environmental factor,the average breeding efficiency value decreased 0. 1657; and Heilongjiang Province as the largest decline at inter provincial ranking; There is a high relevance between environmental efficiency and technical efficiency of dairy farming. The daily yield level of dairy cows and aquaculture output value per unit of labor creates have a significant positive effect on the environmental efficiency.

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