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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 离子强度对三种可变电荷土壤表面电荷和Zeta电位的影响 土壤 2015,47 (2) 422-426
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of Ionic Strengths on Surface Charge and ζ Potential of Three Variable Charge Soils Soils 2015,47 (2) 422-426

离子强度对三种可变电荷土壤表面电荷和Zeta电位的影响

作  者：
姜军;徐仁扣
单  位：
土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所)
关键词：
可变电荷土壤;表面电荷;Zeta电位;PZSE;IEP;双电层;反号离子;离子强度
摘  要：
本文用离子活度和反号离子在土壤胶体双电层扩散层滑动面的分布解释了可变电荷土壤表面电荷与胶体Zeta电位随着离子强度增加呈相反变化趋势的原因。当p H大于土壤的盐效应零点(PZSE)时,离子强度增加导致土壤胶体双电层紧密层阴离子含量增加,土壤表面负电荷量增加,双电层滑动面上的反号离子(阳离子)数量增加,使得土壤胶体Zeta电位向正值位移。相反,当p H小于土壤PZSE,随着离子强度增加,土壤表面正电荷量增加,此时的反号离子为阴离子,双电层滑动面上的反号离子(阴离子)数量增加,导致土壤胶体Zeta电位向负值方向位移。另外,由于土壤表面对K+的吸附亲和力强于Na+,因此在相同浓度下,土壤胶体双电层滑动面上K+浓度高于Na+,导致土壤胶体在KNO3溶液中的Zeta电位高于在Na NO3溶液中的,从另一方面印证了这一解释。
译  名：
Effects of Ionic Strengths on Surface Charge and ζ Potential of Three Variable Charge Soils
作  者：
JIANG Jun;XU Ren-kou;State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture(Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences);
关键词：
Variable charge soils;;Surface charge;;Zeta potential;;PZSE;;IEP;;Electrical double layer;;Counter-ion;;Ionic strength
摘  要：
The opposite changing trends of surface charge of three variable charge soils to the zeta potentials of the colloids of the soils with ionic strength were observed in this paper. Ion activity and distribution of counter-ions in diffuse layer and shear plane on the soil colloids with changing ionic strength were used to interpret the phenomena. When p H was greater than the point of zero salt effect(PZSE) of the soils, the increasing ionic strength made negative surface charge of the soils more negative and increased counter-cations in diffuse layer and shear plane of the soil colloids and thus made the zeta potential of the soil colloids less negative. On the other hand, when p H was less than the PZSE of the soils, the reverse processes led to the decrease of the zeta potential of the soil colloids with increasing ionic strength. The zeta potential of the soil colloids in KNO3 was less negative than that in Na NO3 due to the greater affinity of the soil surface to K+ than Na+, thus more K+ distributed in shear plane of the diffusion layers of the soil colloids than Na+ at the same concentration of their nitrate.

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