作 者：
张成虎;廖南燕;刘菊;唐业杰;苏宏新;陈明煜;杨聪敏
单 位：
广西壮族自治区防城金花茶国家级自然保护区管理中心;南宁师范大学北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室/广西地表过程与智能模拟重点实验室
关键词：
可持续生计;自然保护区;金花茶;生计结果;社区
摘 要：
全面和系统地研究掌握少数民族地区自然保护区社区农户生计现状并提出相应的改善生计、保护生态环境的政策建议,对协调自然保护区保护与社区发展关系具有非常重要的现实意义。文章基于可持续生计分析框架,通过问卷调查获取广西防城金花茶国家级自然保护区社区183户农户数据,使用单因素方差分析、多重比较和无序多分类Logistic回归分析综合对比了不同生计策略类型农户的生计资本与生计结果,探讨了生计资本对生计策略的影响。结果表明:(1)金花茶国家级自然保护区社区农户生计资本总体水平较低,人力资本、自然资本、物质资本、金融资本和社会资本五种资本分布不均衡,农户物质资本最高,自然资本水平最低。(2)研究区农户生计策略选择的关键影响因素是自然资本与人力资本。(3)纯农户、兼业户和非农户三种生计策略中,兼业户生计资本水平最高,生计结果也最好,综合来看,兼业户的生计状况比纯农户和非农户更好。文章定量评估了农户生计结果,系统地揭示自然保护区社区农户生计现状,采用多种方法分析生计资本、生计策略与生计后果之间的关系,具有一定的理论创新和重要的现实意义。基于研究结果与讨论,文章提出加大教育投入、技术扶持是提高研究区自然资本和人力资本质量的关键;在改善生计的同时,还需加强宣传教育以提高农户的环保意识,发展环境友好型产业,以促进自然保护区与社区协调发展。
译 名：
Analysis of Farmers' Sustainable Livelihood in the Communities of Nature Reserves in Ethnic Minority Areas——A Case Study of Guangxi Fangcheng Golden Camellias National Nature Reserve
作 者：
ZHANG Chenghu;LIAO Nanyan;LIU Ju;TANG Yejie;SU Hongxin;CHEN Mingyu;YANG Congmin;Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf (Ministry of Education)/Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Process and Intelligent Simulation, Nanning Normal University;Guangxi Fangcheng Golden Camellia National Nature Reserve Management Center;
关键词：
sustainable livelihoods;;nature reserve;;golden camellias;;livelihood outcomes;;community
摘 要：
Comprehensively and systematically study the livelihood status quo of farmers in the communities of nature reserves in ethnic minority areas and put forward corresponding policy suggestions to improve livelihood and protect ecological environment, which has great practical significance to coordinate the relationship between nature reserve protection and community development. Based on the framework of sustainable livelihood analysis,the data of 183 rural households in the surrounding communities of Guangxi Fangcheng Golden Camellias National Nature Reserve were obtained through questionnaire survey. One-way analysis of variance, multiple comparison and multinomial logistic regression analysis were applied to compare the livelihood capital and livelihood consequences of farmers with different livelihood strategies and discuss the impact of livelihood capitals on livelihood strategies.The results showed that:(1)The overall level of livelihood capital of community farmers in Guangxi Fangcheng Golden Camellias National Nature Reserve was low, and the distribution of human capital, natural capital, physical capital, financial capital and social capital was unbalanced. The physical capital level of community farmers was the highest and the natural capital level was the lowest.(2)The natural capital and human capital were the key factors that significantly affect the choice of livelihood strategies in the study area.(3)Among the three livelihood strategies of pure farmers, concurrent households and non-agricultural households, concurrent households had the highest livelihood capital and the best livelihood outcomes. In general, livelihood status quo of concurrent households was better than pure farmers and non-agricultural households. This paper quantitatively assessed the livelihood outcomes of farmers, systematically revealed the livelihood status quo of farmers in the communities of nature reserves, and analyzed the relationship between livelihood capital, livelihood strategies and livelihood outcomes based on multiple methods, which had certain theoretical innovation and important practical significance. Based on the research results and discussion, it is suggested that increasing educational investment and technical support is the key to improve the quality of natural capital and human capital in the study area. In addition to improving livelihoods, it is also necessary to strengthen publicity and education to raise farmers' environmental protection awareness, to develop environmentfriendly industries so as to promote the coordinated development of nature reserves and communities.
