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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 秦岭山地秦岭箭竹群落物种多样性研究 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版) 2013,41 (10) 59-66
Position: Home > Articles > Diversity of Fargesia qinlingensis community in Qinling Mountains Journal of Northwest A & F University(Natural Science Edition) 2013,41 (10) 59-66

秦岭山地秦岭箭竹群落物种多样性研究

作  者：
杜焰玲;张莹;董国华;娄雪冬;康冰
单  位：
西北农林科技大学生命科学学院
关键词：
秦岭山地;秦岭箭竹;物种多样性;生态位宽度;环境因子
摘  要：
【目的】研究秦岭山地秦岭箭竹(Fargesia qinlingensis)群落的物种多样性及影响因子,为进一步了解秦岭箭竹的生长发育和揭示该群落的更新演替规律提供理论依据。【方法】采用典型样方法设立18块10m×10m的样地,其中依据坡向(阴坡、阳坡)设置6块,依据海拔(1470,1874,2270,2643m)设置12块,并计算每块样地的物种重要值、丰富度、优势度、多样性、均匀度指数,分析不同坡向和海拔秦岭箭竹群落的物种多样性特征,分别选取灌木层和草本层重要值较大的8种植物,利用Levins公式计算并分析其生态位宽度。【结果】秦岭箭竹群落中共有79种植物,其中灌木层23种,占总物种数的29.1%,秦岭箭竹重要值为57.95%,远大于其他物种,是该群落的建群种;草本层有56种,占70.9%,其中披针叶苔草(Carex lanceolata)重要值为15.05%,是草本层的主要优势种;草本层的物种丰富度大于灌木层,说明灌木层物种对草本层物种无明显的抑制作用。灌木层与草本层物种多样性均表现为阴坡大于阳坡。随着海拔的升高,物种多样性均呈现减小趋势。群落内重要值较大物种的生态位宽度较大,分布在0.68~0.95,秦岭箭竹在群落中的生态位宽度最大,为0.95;凤毛菊(Saussurea japonica)在草本层中的生态位宽度最大,为0.86。【结论】秦岭箭竹群落草本层的物种多样性优于灌木层;阴坡有利于群落内物种的生长发育和更新演替;海拔对群落的物种多样性有影响,且对灌木层的影响大于草本层。群落内各种植物的生长状况和环境因子都是物种多样性的影响因素。
译  名：
Diversity of Fargesia qinlingensis community in Qinling Mountains
作  者：
DU Yan-ling;ZHANG Ying;DONG Guo-hua;LOU Xue-dong;KANG Bing;College of Life Sciences,Northwest A&F University;
关键词：
Qinling Mountains;;Fargesia qinlingensis;;species diversity;;niche breadth;;environment factors
摘  要：
【Objective】Diversity and the effecting factors of Fargesia qinlingensis in Qinling Mountains were studied to improve the growth and regeneration of F.qinlingensis.【Method】18 typical sample plots were set up,among which 6 were based on slopes(shady and sunny slopes)and 12 were based on altitude(1470,1874,2270,and 2643m).The important values,richness Simpson,Shannon-Wiener and evenness indexes of shrub and herb layers in each plot were calculated.Levins formular was used to calculate and analyze characteristics of diversity and effects of the factors based on the top 8 species with high important values.【Result】F.qinlingensis community had 79 species.There were 23 species in shrub layer,accounting for 29.1%.F.qinlingensis was the constructive species with important value of 57.95%.There were 56 species in herb layer,accounting for 70.9%.Carex lanceolata was the dominant species with important value of 15.05%.The effect of F.qinlingensis on herb layer was not significant,but limited the development of other shrubs.Richness of herb layer was larger than that of shrub layer.The species diversity on sunny slope was less than on shady slope.With the increase of altitude,the species diversity decreased gradually.Niche breadth of species was around 0.68-0.95.F.qinlingensis had the largest niche breadth in the community(0.95)and Saussurea japonica was had the largest niche breadth in herb layer(0.86).【Conclusion】The diversity of herb layer was better than shrub layer.Shady slope was good for growth and succession.Altitude had larger influence on shrub layer than on herb layer.The growth conditions and environment were the factors that influenced community diversity.

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