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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 汞污染紫色土中微生物区系及生理类群 农业环境科学学报 2004,23 (04) 45-50
Position: Home > Articles > Microbial Populations and Bacterial Physiological Groups in Purple Soils Polluted by Mercury Journal of Agro-Environment Science 2004,23 (04) 45-50

汞污染紫色土中微生物区系及生理类群

作  者：
李梅;侯彦林;皮广洁
单  位：
西南农业大学资源与环境学院;中国科学院生态环境研究中心
关键词：
紫色土;汞污染;微生物;生理类群
摘  要：
以重庆市中性紫色土为材料,通过室内模拟试验及污染现场调查,探索了汞对土壤中微生物区系和各主要生理类群繁育的影响。结果表明,汞对土壤中细菌、放线菌和真菌的增殖总体上具有抑制作用;氨化细菌受汞的抑制强烈,当HgCl2浓度为10mg·kg-1时,氨化细菌数量仅为对照的10%;硝化细菌在汞浓度较低时(<50mg·kg-1)生长受抑制,在高浓度汞作用下表现出受刺激;好气性自生固氮菌和纤维素降解菌在汞浓度较低时生长被刺激,而高浓度汞则抑制其增长;以敏感微生物种群数量变化>50%得出供试中性紫色土上汞发生毒害的临界值为5～10mg·kg-1。长期受汞污染的土壤微生物调查显示,细菌和放线菌变化方向与模拟试验结果一致,真菌在重污染区土壤上则产生抗性,而固氮菌能够指示程度较轻的土壤汞污染。
译  名：
Microbial Populations and Bacterial Physiological Groups in Purple Soils Polluted by Mercury
作  者：
LI Mei1,HOU Yan-lin1,PI Guang-jie2(1.Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science,CAS.Beijing 100085,China ;2.College of Resource &Environmental Science,Southwest Agriculture Universi ty,Chongqing 400716,China)
关键词：
purple soil;mercury pollution;microbial populations;physiological groups
摘  要：
Effects of mercury on microbial populations (bacteria, fungi and a ct inomyces) and physiological groups (ammonifiers, nitrifiers, azotobacter and cel lulolytic bacteria) were assayed in purple soils from both laboratory incubation and field. The r results obtained from laboratory incubation showed that mercur y generally inhibited the development of bacteria, actinomyces, and fungi, but t he responses of physiological groups revealed different features to mercury poll ution: ammonifiers were depressed intensively, the survival rate decreased to ab out 10%of the control where the soil was addressed with HgCl2 up to 10 mg·kg-1; nitrifiers also behaved growth inhibition in soils treated with HgCl2 less th an 50 mg·kg-1, but higher dosage of mercury stimulated their upgrowth; opposit ely, azotobacter and cellulolytic bacteria thrived in lower mercury treatments w hile declined in higher ones. In field soil, mercury also showed inhibitory effe cts on the populations of bacteria and actinomyces, whereas fungi exhibited mark ed resistance to mercury. The soil threshold concentrations of mercury estimated by sensitive microbes with over 50%inhibition ranged from 5 to 10 mg·kg-1 in the studied purple soil.

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