Position: Home > Articles > Influence of Slope and Rainfall Intensity on Runoff and Erosion Hydraulic Characteristics on Grassed Roadways
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
2009,23
(4)
44-49
坡度与降雨强度对植物路路面侵蚀动力参数的影响
作 者：
刘刚;郑世清;田风霞;马春艳;张琼
单 位：
三峡大学;中国科学院水土保持与生态环境研究中心/黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室
关键词：
裸露路;植物路;人工降雨;水力学参数;减水减沙
摘 要：
通过人工模拟降雨试验,研究了不同坡度和降雨强度条件下植物路的水沙响应过程及机制。结果表明:植物路和裸露路面的径流水力学参数流速、径流深、雷诺数、弗劳德数和过水断面单位能量均随坡度和降雨强度的增大而增大;而Darcy-weisbach阻力系数和曼宁糙率系数则随坡度的增大而增大,随降雨强度的增大而减小。在相同坡度和降雨强度条件下,植物路路面径流的流速、雷诺数、弗劳德数和过水断面单位能量比裸露路小,而径流深、Darcy-weisbach阻力系数和曼宁糙率系数均比裸露路大。在不同坡度和降雨强度条件下,植物路径流量与径流时间均符合双曲线移轴模型关系,而输沙率与径流时间符合三阶对数关系。植物路减沙效益明显大于减水效益,并且减水和减沙效益均随着坡度和降雨强度的增大而减小,因此在建设植物路时应同时考虑坡度和当地降雨强度的影响。
译 名：
Influence of Slope and Rainfall Intensity on Runoff and Erosion Hydraulic Characteristics on Grassed Roadways
作 者：
LIU Gang1,2,ZHENG Shi-qing2,TIAN Feng-xia2,3,MA Chun-yan2,ZHANG Qiong1(1.Institute of Geo-hazard Prevention and Mitigation,China Three Gorges University,Yichang,Hubei 443002;2.Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment,State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau/ CAS & MOE,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100;3.Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education)/Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000)
关键词：
bare road;grassed roadway;artificial rainfall;hydrodynamic parameter;runoff and sediment reduction
摘 要：
The rainfall simulation was employed to investigate hydrodynamic characteristics of runoff water and sediment-yielding processes on grassed roadways with different slopes and rainfall intensities.The results indicated that,on both grassed roadways and bare road surfaces,the flow velocities,flow depths,Froude numbers,Reynolds numbers and unit energy of water-carrying section of runoff increased with increasing of slope and rainfall intensities.The Darcy-weisbach friction factors and Manning roughness factors increased with growing of slope,but decreased with increasing of rainfall intensities.At the same degree of slope and rainfall intensity,on grassed roadways,the flow velocities,Froude numbers,Reynolds numbers and unit energy of water-carrying section of runoff were smaller,and the flow depths,Darcy-weisbach friction factors and Manning roughness factors were greater than on bare roads.At the different degrees of slope and rainfall intensities,on grassed roadways,a power equation can be fitted to the runoff rates and runoff times,and a third order logarithm can be fitted to the sediment yield rates and runoff times.The grass grown on loessial earthen roads can mitigate soil losses effectively and more than runoff amounts.Both the reduction of runoff and sediment dropped with increasing of slopes and rainfall intensities.So,the influence of both slope and rainfall intensity should be considered when growing grasses on terrene road surface.
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