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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 7个梨品种的低温半致死温度及耐寒性评价 果树学报 2015,32 (5) 860-865
Position: Home > Articles > Study on the cold resistance and the semi-lethal temperatures for seven pear cultivars Journal of Fruit Science 2015,32 (5) 860-865

7个梨品种的低温半致死温度及耐寒性评价

作  者：
王玮;李红旭;赵明新;曹素芳
单  位：
甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所
关键词：
梨品种;抗寒性;电解质渗出率;半致死温度;冻害指数
摘  要：
【目的】研究梨品种半致死温度与耐寒性的关系及抗寒性水平,为杂交育种选择抗寒亲本及梨品种区域性引进提供科学依据。【方法】以1 a生梨苗休眠枝条为试材,应用电导法研究了7个梨品种在-20℃、-25℃、-30℃、-35℃、-40℃、-45℃低温下细胞膜透性的变化,配合Logistic方程,求得半致死温度(LT50),并与低温处理下的冻害指数进行相关性比较。【结果】供试梨枝条不同低温处理下电解质渗出率增加呈S形曲线,与相应的低温呈极显著负相关;供试梨品种的半致死温度为:‘苹果梨’-41.1℃、‘甘梨早8’-38.4℃、‘中梨1号’-38.2℃、‘美人酥’-35.3℃、‘玉露香’-34.8℃、‘黄冠’-30.7℃、‘丰水’-30.3℃;半致死温度与其相近温度处理的枝条冻害指数呈显著负相关;低温处理下,各梨品种枝条冻害部位表现不同,且对其伤害有一个跃变过程。【结论】半致死温度能准确反映梨品种的抗寒力;供试梨品种的抗寒力大小为:‘苹果梨’>‘甘梨早8’>‘中梨1号’>‘美人酥’>‘玉露香’>‘黄冠’>‘丰水’。
译  名：
Study on the cold resistance and the semi-lethal temperatures for seven pear cultivars
作  者：
WANG Wei;LI Hongxu;ZHAO Mingxin;CAO Sufang;Institute of Fruit and Floriculture Research,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences;
关键词：
Pear varieties;;Cold resistance;;Electrolyte permeability;;Semilethal temperature;;Freezing injury index
摘  要：
【Objective】Study on the relationship of pear cultivars between the semi-lethal temperatures and the cold resistance and the cold resistance level,that provide scientific basis for choosing parents of cold resistance for cross breeding and regional introduction of pear cultivars.【Methods】The changes of cell membrane permeability at-20 ℃,-25 ℃,-30 ℃,-35 ℃,-40 ℃ and-45 ℃ were studied with one-year-old branches of eight pear cultivars by using conductance method,and the semi-lethal temperatures(LT50)that was obtained on the basis of conductivity combined with Logistic equation was compared with the freezing injury index under the condition of the indoor different low temperature.【Results】The electrolyte leakage ratio of pear branches increased like"S"curve concomitant with a decrease of temperature and was negatively correlated with the low temperature;The semi-lethal temperatures fro pear cultivars was:‘Pingguoli'- 41.1 ℃,‘Ganlizaoba'- 38.4 ℃,‘Zhongliyihao'- 38.2 ℃,‘Meirensu'-35.3 ℃,‘Yuluxiang '-34.8 ℃,‘Huangguan'-30.7 ℃ and‘Hosui'-30.3 ℃;The semi-lethal temperatures of pear cultivars had significant negative correlation with their freezing injury index at the temperature around the semi-lethal temperature;Under the low temperature,the freezing parts of pear cultivars' branches showed different,and all the occurrence of cold injury were characterized by a climatic jump.【Conclusion】The cold resistance of pear cultivars could be accurately reflected by the semi-lethal temperature and the order of cold resistance for pear cultivars was:‘Pingguoli'>‘Ganlizaoba'>‘Zhongliyihao'>‘Meirensu'>‘Yuluxiang'>‘Huangguan'>‘Hosui'.

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