Effect of combined application of phosphorus and organic fertilizer on phosphorus contents in peanut-soil system and pod yield of peanut

SUO Yan-yan;ZHANG Xiang;SI Xian-zong;MAO Jia-wei;LI Liang;YU Qiong;WANG Ya-ning;YU Hui;Institute of Plant Nutrient,Resources and Environment,Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Zhengyang Institute of Peanut;

integrated use of P and organic fertilizer;;peanut;;soil P fractions;;P uptake;;yield

To optimize the phosphorus( P) and organic fertilizer for peanut production in peanut growing regions of southern Henan province,the field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different phosphorus rates( 45 kg/hm~2,90 kg/hm~2 and 135 kg/hm~2) and organic fertilizer rates( 0. 75 t/hm~2,1. 50 t/hm~2 and 2. 25 t/hm~2) on peanut yield,phosphorus uptake by peanut,soil phosphorus fractions and soil phosphatase activity. The results showed that,under the same P rates,compared with 2. 25 t/hm~2 organic fertilizer rates,the yield was significantly higher at 0. 75 t/hm~2、1. 50 t/hm~2 organic fertilizer rates,but lower for the shoot dry matter weight; under the same organic fertilizer rates,increasing P rates significantly increased shoot biomass,but with no significant effect on peanut yield. The responses of P content in different parts of peanut to P and organic fertilizer were as following:medium and high amounts of P and organic fertilizer treatments were significantly higher than those of low amount of P and organic fertilizer treatments,while the effect of medium and high amount of P and organic fertilizer varied with plant parts. Response of soil phosphorus fractions to P and organic fertilizer were different,including labile-P( H_2O-P and NaHCO_3-P_i) and the moderately labile-P( NaOH-P_iand NaOH-P_o) content increased significantly with increasing P and organic fertilizer,but having no significant difference for stable-P( Residual-P and HCl-P). The effect of organic and P fertilizer on soil phosphatase activity were also different,increasing organic fertilizer significantly improved soil phosphatase activity; however,increasing P fertilizer showed the opposite trend. In conclusion,reasonable integrated use of P and organic fertilizer distinctly improved peanut yield,peanut P content,labile soil P fractions content,and soil phosphatase activity; however,excessive P and organic fertilizer resulted in excessive vegetative growth,lower peanut yield,and no improvement P content in peanut. The combined application of 45 kg/hm~2 P fertilizer and 0. 75 ~ 1. 50 t/hm~2 organic cake fertilizer improved P uptake in peanut-soil system and peanut yield,which could be applied in peanut growing regions of southern Henan province.