作 者：
涂攀峰;陈小娟;杨依彬;邓兰生;程凤娴;张承林
单 位：
东莞一翔液体肥料有限公司;华南农业大学资源环境学院
关键词：
磷酸一铵;磷酸二铵;聚磷酸铵;挥发;玉米
摘 要：
研究不同含铵磷源在石灰性土壤中氨挥发、有效磷及对玉米生理特性、氮磷吸收的影响,以期探索聚磷酸铵、磷酸一铵、磷酸二铵在石灰性土壤中氮磷的有效性。采用土壤培养试验和盆栽试验结合的方式,均以工业级、农用磷酸一铵(简称MAP工、MAP农)、工业级、农用磷酸二铵(简称DAP工、DAP农)、聚磷酸铵(简称APP)为供试材料,在石灰性土壤上设计6个处理,培养19 d期间取样5次;盆栽试验40 d后,在苗期对玉米的生理指标及植株氮磷吸收量、土壤有效氮磷含量进行测定。石灰性土壤培养19 d后,MAP工仅挥发1.65%,而工业级DAP挥发量达38.63%。对盆栽试验而言,各含铵磷源处理随着培养时间的增加均呈递减趋势,但聚磷酸铵处理递减幅度较低;各含铵磷源施入石灰性土壤中MAP工、MAP农与APP处理的玉米苗期株高、茎粗、地上部和地下部干重显著高于DAP工、DAP农处理,与DAP工、DAP农处理相比,APP处理的玉米苗期磷吸收量分别提高了72.96%、59.31%,而MAP工处理比DAP工、DAP农处理分别增加了45.44%、33.50%,同时对土壤有效氮磷含量影响显著。工业级和农用磷酸一铵、聚磷酸铵在石灰性土壤中氨挥发量小,土壤有效磷含量高,利用率高,且有利于玉米的生长,而工业级和农用DAP不适合在石灰性土壤中施用。
译 名：
Effectiveness of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Calcareous Soils from Different Sources of Ammonium and Phosphorus and Their Effects on Maize Growth
作 者：
TU Pan-feng;CHEN Xiao-juan;YANG Yi-bin;College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University;Dongguan Yixiang Liquid Fertilizer Co., Ltd.;
关键词：
Monoammonium phosphate;;Diammonium phosphate;;Ammonium polyphosphate;;Volatilization;;Corn
摘 要：
The volatilization of ammonia and available phosphorus from different sources of ammonium and phosphorus in calcareous soils and their effects on physiological characteristics and absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus in maize were studied, in order to explore the effectiveness of ammonium polyphosphate, monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate in calcareous soils.Soil culture experiment and pot experiment were used to design six treatments on calcareous soil with industrial/agricultural monoammonium phosphate(MAP), industrial/agricultural diammonium phosphate(DAP) and ammonium polyphosphate(APP) as test materials, and five samples were taken during 19 days of cultivation. After 40 days of pot experiment, physiological indexes of maize were measured at seedling stage. Nitrogen and phosphorus uptake by plant and available nitrogen and phosphorus content in soil were determined.After 19 days of incubation in calcareous soil, MAP workers only wielded 1.65%, while industrial DAP volatilization reached 38.63%. For pot experiment, the ammonium-containing phosphorus source treatments showed a decreasing trend with the increase of incubation time, but the decreasing extent of ammonium polyphosphate treatment was lower. The plant height, stem diameter, dry weight of shoot and underground of maize treated with MAP and APP were significantly higher than those treated with DAP, and the phosphorus uptake of maize seedling treated with APP was significantly higher than that treated with DAP. The amount of soil available nitrogen and phosphorus increased by 72.96% and 59.31% respectively, while the amount of soil available nitrogen and phosphorus increased by 45.44% and 33.50% in MAP treatment compared with DAP treatment.Industrial and agricultural monoammonium phosphate and polyammonium phosphate had low ammonia volatilization, high available phosphorus content and high utilization rate in calcareous soil, and were beneficial to maize growth. Industrial and agricultural DAP were not suitable for application in calcareous soil.
