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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 大熊猫自然保护区(栗子坪)周边区域病毒病和蠕虫病流行病学调查 中国预防兽医学报 2019,41 (1) 1067-1071
Position: Home > Articles > Investigation and analysis on the prevalence of virus and worm infections in the giant panda nature reserve--taking Liziping nature reserve as an example Chinese Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine 2019,41 (1) 1067-1071

大熊猫自然保护区(栗子坪)周边区域病毒病和蠕虫病流行病学调查

作  者：
赵九洲;胡潇;李丹;李财源;文翼平
单  位：
四川农业大学动物医学院
关键词：
大熊猫;大熊猫自然保护区;病毒;蠕虫;感染情况调查
摘  要：
为了解大熊猫自然保护区周边区域可能感染大熊猫的病毒病和蠕虫病流行情况,本研究通过实地走访、称重的方式调查栗子坪自然保护区周边地区368只家养犬的活动受限程度及体型,调查结果显示,63.9%的犬是自由散养状态,36.1%的犬活动受限,24.5%的犬为超小型犬,29.6%为小型犬,42.2%为中型犬,3.7%为大型犬.本实验还利用间接ELISA抗体检测试剂盒,对2016年12月~2017年12月间采集的栗子坪保护区周边地区家养犬的172份血样分别进行犬瘟热病毒(CDV)、犬细小病毒(CPV)、狂犬病病毒(RV)和犬轮状病毒(CRV)的抗体检测,结果显示,CDV、CPV、CRV在春、秋、冬季出现较高的阳性率,且感染集中在1岁以下幼犬,RV的阳性率无明显的季节与宿主年龄差异.CDV、CPV、RV和CRV的阳性率分别为4.7%、3.5%、12.8%和3.5%.RV与CDV混合感染率为9.1%,与CRV混合感率为9.1%,与CRV混合感染率为4.5%,CDV与CRV混合感染率为6.8%.同时通过饱和氯化钠浮选法对同期采集到的66份犬粪便样本进行蠕虫虫卵检查,结果显示:粪样中共检出7种寄生虫,感染率依次为犬弓首蛔虫45.4%、犬钩虫21%、犬鞭虫12%、犬复孔绦虫12%、类圆线虫9.1%、浣熊拜林蛔线虫6.1%、狮弓首蛔虫3%.蠕虫感染的平均强度均在每10克粪便50个卵以下.调查结果表明该地区家养犬多数具有较强的活动能力,且为自由散养状态,其中部分携带有以RV为主的4种病毒和以犬弓首蛔虫为主的7种蠕虫,以RV/CDV和RV/CPV的混合感染为主.本研究为栗子坪自然保护区大熊猫病毒病和蠕虫病的防控提供流行病学数据.
译  名：
Investigation and analysis on the prevalence of virus and worm infections in the giant panda nature reserve--taking Liziping nature reserve as an example
作  者：
ZHAO Jiu-zhou;HU Xiao;LI Dan;LI Cai-yuan;WEN Yi-ping;College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan agricultural university;
关键词：
giant panda;;giant panda nature reserve;;virus;;worm;;epidemiological survey
摘  要：
In order to understand the prevalence of viral diseases and worm diseases which may infect giant pandas in the areas around the giant panda nature reserve, this study investigated the activities and sizes of 368 domesticated dogs in the surrounding areas of the Liziping nature reserve by means of field visits and weighing measurements. According to the survey results, 63.9% of dogs were range-free, 36.1% were restricted, 24.5% were unltr-small dogs, 29.6% were small dogs, 42.2% were medium dogs, and 3.7% were large dogs. 172 blood sample from domesticated dogs in this area around were collected between December 2016 to December 2017. Antibodies of canine distemper virus(CDV), canine parvovirus(CPV), rabies virus(RV), and canine rotavirus(CRV) were checked by ELISA experiment. The results showed that CDV, CPV and CRV have higher positive rates in spring, autumn and winter, and are mostly found in puppies under 1 year old. Meanwhile, the positive rate of RV has no significant seasonal and age difference. The positive rates of CDV, CPV, RV and CRV were 4.7%, 3.5%, 12.8% and 3.5%,respectively. The mixed infection rates were 9.1% for RV with CDV, 9.1% for RV with CPV, 4.5% for RV with CRV, and 6.8%for CDV with CRV. At the same time, we collected 66 dog fecal samples and examined the worm egg by saturated sodium chloride flotation method. The results showed that 7 species of parasites were dectected in the fecal samples. The infection ratio of Toxocara canis, Ancylostomacanium, Trichuris vulpis, Dipylidium caninum, Strongyloides, Baylisascaris transfuga and Toxascaris leonine was 45.4%, 21%, 12%, 12%, 9.1%, 6.1% and 3%, respectively. The average intensity of helminth infections is below 50 eggs per 10 grams of feces. The investigation results showed that most of the domesticated dogs in this area had strong activity ability and were in free-range. Some of the dogs carried 4 viruses(mainly rabies) and most of them were mixed infected with RV/CDV or RV/CPV. Some of the dogs were infected with 7 kinds of worms(mainly Toxocara canis). This study provided epidemiological data for the prevention and control of viral and worm diseases of giant pandas in Liziping nature reserve.

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