作 者：
祝景彬;贺慧丹;李红琴;杨永胜;未亚西;罗谨;李英年
单 位：
中国科学院大学;中国科学院高原生物适应与进化重点试验室;中国科学院西北高原生物研究所
摘 要：
为探讨不同放牧梯度对高寒草甸水源涵养能力的影响,以青海海北高寒草甸为研究对象,采用实地采样与室内测试分析相结合的方法,进行了对照(CK)、轻牧(LG)、中牧(MG)、重牧(HG)的土壤持水能力的研究。结果表明:适度放牧会使土壤容重减小,而放牧强度超过一定强度后会使土壤容重增加,并且土壤容重随着土层深度的加深逐渐增大,短期放牧对土壤容重的影响主要体现在表层。牧压梯度下高寒草甸在不同土层的饱和持水量、毛管持水量和田间持水量整体上表现为LG,MG相对较大,而CK,HG相对较小,所以适度放牧有利于提高土壤的持水能力,而完全禁牧和重度放牧都不利于土壤持水能力的提高。另外,也可看出土壤的持水能力随着深度的增加逐渐下降,短期放牧对土壤持水能力的影响主要体现在表层。饱和持水量、毛管持水量和田间持水量三者之间表现出极显著正相关关系(p<0.01),三者对于不同牧压梯度表现出一致的响应;土壤容重与持水能力表现出极显著负相关关系(p<0.01);地下生物量、有机质和土壤持水能力的相关性虽然不显著,但仍能说明地下生物量、土壤有机质同土壤持水能力呈弱的正相关关系。研究表明,适度放牧在一定程度上有利于提高土壤的水源涵养能力,对草场恢复有利。
译 名：
Characteristics of Soil Bulk Density and Soil Water-Holding Capacity in Alpine Meadow Under Grazing Gradients
作 者：
ZHU Jingbin;HE Huidan;LI Hongqin;YANG Yongsheng;WEI Yaxi;LUO Jin;LI Yingnian;Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences;Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota,Chinese Academy of Sciences;
关键词：
grazing gradients;;alpine meadow;;soil density;;water-holding capacity
摘 要：
In order to study the effects of different grazing intensities on the soil water-holding capacity of alpine meadow.The alpine meadow in Qinghai Province under different grazing intensities(grazing exclusion(CK),light grazing(LG),moderate grazing(MG)and heavy grazing(HG))were analyzed.It was found that moderate grazing could reduce soil bulk density,but grazing could increase soil density when exceeding a certain intensity.In addition,the influence of short-term grazing on soil bulk density was mainly reflected in soil surface.With the increase of soil depth,the soil density gradually increased.The soil saturated water holding capacity,capillary water holding capacity and field capacity of LG and MG were relatively large,while CK and HG were relatively small.Therefore,moderate grazing was beneficial to improve soil water holding capacity,while banning grazing and heavy grazing were not beneficial to improve soil water holding capacity.In addition,it could be seen that the water holding capacity gradually decreased with the increase of depth.The influence of short-term grazing on soil water-holding capacity was mainly reflected in soil surface.There was the significant positive correlation between soil saturated water holding capacity,capillary water holding capacity and field capacity(p<0.01),which showed a consistent response to different grazing gradient.There was a significant negative correlation between soil density and water-holding capacity(p<0.01).The underground biomass and soil organic matter had a weak positive correlation with soil water-holding capacity.The above results indicate that moderate grazing can increase the soil water holding capacity to some extent and it is favorable to grassland restoration.
