作 者：
周双艳;杨奇慧;谭北平;董晓慧;迟淑艳;刘泓宇;章双
单 位：
广东海洋大学水产学院水产动物营养与饲料实验室
关键词：
凡纳滨对虾;铜源;铜添加水平;生长性能;非特异性免疫酶活性;氨基酸含量
摘 要：
本试验旨在研究饲料中铜源及铜添加水平对凡纳滨对虾幼虾生长性能、血清生化指标、非特异性免疫酶活性及肌肉氨基酸含量的影响。采用双因素试验设计,铜源分别为羟基蛋氨酸铜(HMC)、碱式氯化铜(TBCC)和硫酸铜(SC),铜添加水平分别为0、8、16、32和64 mg/kg,共配制13种等氮等能饲料,投喂初始体重为(0.330±0.001)g的凡纳滨对虾幼虾8周。将1 560尾对虾随机分为13组,每组3个重复,每个重复40尾。结果表明:铜添加水平对幼虾的终末体重、增重率、特定生长率有显著影响(P<0.05),添加8~64 mg/kg铜的组幼虾的终末体重、增重率、特定生长率显著高于未添加铜的组(P<0.05)。铜源对幼虾血清总蛋白、甘油三酯含量有显著影响(P<0.05),铜添加水平对幼虾血清总蛋白、葡萄糖、甘油三酯含量有显著影响(P<0.05)。铜源与铜添加水平的交互作用对幼虾血清总蛋白含量有显著影响(P<0.05),以添加32 mg/kg铜的羟基蛋氨酸铜组血清总蛋白含量最高。铜源、铜添加水平及二者的交互作用对凡纳滨对虾幼虾血清铜蓝蛋白(CP)、酚氧化物酶(PO)活性及肝胰腺总超氧化物歧化酶(TSOD)和铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(Cu-ZnSOD)活性有显著影响(P<0.05)。铜源及铜添加水平对幼虾肌肉中丙氨酸(Ala)、精氨酸(Arg)、天冬氨酸(Asp)、甘氨酸(Gly)和谷氨酸(Glu)含量有显著影响(P<0.05),且铜源及铜添加水平的交互作用对Ala、Asp、Gly、Glu含量有显著影响(P<0.05)。以血清铜蓝蛋白活性为评价指标,以羟基蛋氨酸铜、碱式氯化铜和硫酸铜为铜源时,经折线模型得出凡纳滨对虾幼虾饲料中铜的最适含量分别为17.52、20.32、20.29 mg/kg。通过比较可知,羟基蛋氨酸铜的相对生物利用率最高,硫酸铜次之,碱式氯化铜最低。
译 名：
Effects of Dietary Copper Source and Supplemental Level on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indices,Non-Specific Immune Enzyme Activities and Muscle Amino Acid Contents of Juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei
作 者：
ZHOU Shuangyan;YANG Qihui;TAN Beiping;DONG Xiaohui;CHI Shuyan;LIU Hongyu;ZHANG Shuang;Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed,College of Fisheries,Guangdong Ocean University;
关键词：
Litopenaeus vannamei;;copper source;;copper supplemental level;;growth performance;;non-specific immune enzyme activites;;amino acid contents
摘 要：
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary copper source and supplemental level on grow th performance,serum biochemical indices,non-specific immune enzyme activities and muscle amino acid contents of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei. Thirteen isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets w ere formulated by using tw o-factor experimental design w ith different copper sources [hydroxyl methionine copper( HMC),tribasic copper chloride( TBCC) and copper sulfate( SC),respectively] and different copper supplemental levels( 0,8,16,32 and 64 mg /kg,respectively). A total of 1 560 juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei w ith an initial body w eight of( 0.330±0.001) g w ere randomly distributed into 13 groups w ith 3 replicates per group and40 shrimps per replicate. The experiment lasted for 8 w eeks. The results show ed that final body w eight( FBW),weight gain rate( WGR),specific growth rate( SGR) and survive rate( SR) of shrimps were significantly affected by copper supplemental level( P<0.05),and the FBW,WGR and SGR in groups supplemented w ith 8 to 64 mg /kg copper w ere significantly higher than those in groups w ithout copper supplementation( P<0.05). Dietary copper source had significant influences on serum total protein( TP) and triglycerides( TG) contents( P<0.05),and copper supplemental level had significant influences on serum TP,glucose( GLU) and TG contents( P<0.05). The interaction of copper source and supplemental level had significant influences on serum TP content( P<0.05),and the HMC group supplemented w ith 32 mg /kg copper had the highest serum TP content. The activities of phenoloxidase( PO) and ceruloplasmin( CP) in serum and the activities of total superoxide dismutase( T-SOD) and copper-zinc superoxide dismutase( Cu-ZnSOD) in hepatopancreas w ere significantly affected by copper source,supplemental level and the interaction of copper source and supplemental level( P<0.05). The contents of alanine( Ala),arginine( Arg),aspartic acid( Asp),glycine( Gly) and glutamic acid( Glu) in muscle w ere significantly affected by copper source and supplemental level( P<0.05),and there w ere significantly interaction betw een copper source and supplemental level in the contents of Ala,Asp,Gly and Glu in muscle( P<0.05). With the serum CP activity as evaluation index and the HMC,TBCC and SC as copper sources,broken-line model show that the optimal contents of copper in juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei diets are 17.52,20.32 and 20.29 mg /kg,respectively. By comparing,the HMC has the highest relative bioavailability,follow ed by SC,and the low est is TBCC.
