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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 稻田氮肥施用量对黑肩绿盲蝽捕食功能的影响 昆虫学报 2005,48 (1) 49-57
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of nitrogenous fertilization in rice fields on the predatory function of Cyrtorhinus lividipennis Reuter to Nilaparvata lugens Stl Acta Entomologica Sinica 2005,48 (1) 49-57

稻田氮肥施用量对黑肩绿盲蝽捕食功能的影响

作  者：
吕仲贤;俞晓平;HEONG Kong-Luen;胡萃
单  位：
DAPO;国际水稻研究所;浙江省农业科学院植物保护与微生物研究所
关键词：
黑肩绿盲蝽;褐飞虱;水稻;氮肥;捕食功能
摘  要：
在实验室条件下研究了黑肩绿盲蝽CyrtorhinuslividipennisReuter在不同含氮量稻株上对褐飞虱NilaparvatalugensSt l卵和低龄若虫的捕食能力、对褐飞虱卵的捕食功能反应以及褐飞虱蜜露和水稻伤流液对其捕食能力的影响。结果表明 ,黑肩绿盲蝽对褐飞虱卵和若虫的捕食量均与寄主植物的含氮量呈显著负相关。黑肩绿盲蝽在相同氮肥施用量的稻株上连续饲养 2代后对褐飞虱卵的捕食能力没有改变。黑肩绿盲蝽对褐飞虱卵的功能反应呈HollingⅡ型方程 ,其参数瞬时发现率 (a)和处置时间 (Th)只与寄主含氮量有关 ,而与黑肩绿盲蝽种群和褐飞虱卵的来源无关。在高氮量稻株上黑肩绿盲蝽种群对褐飞虱卵的瞬时发现率 (a)下降导致了功能反应的减弱 ,而在相同含氮量稻株上黑肩绿盲蝽种群之间的捕食功能没有明显差异。黑肩绿盲蝽成虫取食水稻伤流液和褐飞虱蜜露时寿命明显延长 ,取食高氮稻株的褐飞虱分泌的蜜露对延长黑肩绿盲蝽雌成虫寿命的作用最大。但是 ,在高氮稻株上褐飞虱蜜露显著降低黑肩绿盲蝽的捕食能力。这些结果表明黑肩绿盲蝽对褐飞虱自然控制作用的下降是稻田过量施用氮肥后褐飞虱种群增加的主要原因之一。
译  名：
Effects of nitrogenous fertilization in rice fields on the predatory function of Cyrtorhinus lividipennis Reuter to Nilaparvata lugens Stl
作  者：
LU Zhong-Xian~1, YU Xiao-Ping~1, HEONG Kong-Luen~2, HU Cui~3 (1. Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; 2. International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines; 3. Institute of Applied Entomology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China)
关键词：
Cyrtorhinus lividipennis; Nilaparvata lugens; rice; nitrogenous fertilization; predatory function
摘  要：
The predatory capacities and functional responses of the mirid bug, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis Reuter, on the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stl, on rice plants with different nitrogen contents and the effects of the rice sap and BPH honeydew on its predatory function were determined in the laboratory at International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Philippines. The results showed that the predatory capacities of C. lividipennis on BPH eggs and young nymphs were negatively related to the nitrogen content of host plants, while no significant difference in predatory capacities was recorded between C. lividipennis populations successively fed on host plants applied with 0 kg N/ha and 200 kg N/ha nitrogen fertilizer for 2 generations. The functional responses of C. lividipennis populations on BPH eggs belonged to typical Holling II, and the instantaneous rate of discovery (a) and handling times (T_h) were strongly affected by nitrogen contents in host plants. The instantaneous rate of discovery reduced obviously resulted in the lower functional responses on the host plants applied with high nitrogen rate; however, the similar response shapes of different populations were found on the plants with the same nitrogen regime. Furthermore, the influences of rice sap from the plants and honeydew of the BPH females fed on the plants with high nitrogen regime on the extension of longevities of the adults of C. lividipennis were higher than those on the plants with low nitrogen regime. However, the honeydew of BPH on the plants with high nitrogen regime significantly decreased the predatory capacity of C. lividipennis on BPH eggs. These results implied that the reduction of C. lividipennis natural control function should be one of the crucial factors to induce the outbreak of BPH population in rice fields applied with excessive nitrogenous fertilizer.

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