Study on Bitter Taste Character of Wild Ningxia Wolfberry in China

YUAN Hai-jing;YUAN Han-min;LIU Fei;ZHAO Xing-zeng;WU Xiao-yang;DONG Li-guo;LIU Lan-ying;ZHANG Wei-jun;HE Jin-shang;WANG Xiao-liang;State Wolfberry Engineering Technique Center,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences;Crop Research Institute,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences;Plant Research Institute in Jiangsu Province,Chinese Academy of Sciences;Graduate School,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Institute of Desertification Control,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences;

cluster berry;;cross compatibility;;bitter taste substance;;taxifolin

The bitter taste character of Ningxia wild bitter wolfberry was studied,using methods of botany classification,conventional hybridization,PCR-SSR molecular marker detection,Ultra performance liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry [UPLC-MS(HRMS) in this paper. The results showed that,comparing with other Chinese wolfberry germplasm,the length of filament and style,seed size and color etc. of Ningxia wild bitter wolfberry had larger differences. Its stamen filaments and pistil style of flower buds were curly shape. Most berries clustered. PCR-SSR molecular marker detection results showed that DNA of Ningxia wild bitter wolfberry was amplified a band,which had not found in cultivars that of Ningqi 1,2,3,4,5,7,etc.. Meanwhile,between 111 bp and 147 bp,Ningxia wild bitter wolfberry DNA amplified a band which was slightly higher than other Chinese wolfberry germplasm resources. It meaned that the molecular weight of the site was higher than other germplasm resources of Chinese Lycium barbarum L. It had a significant difference in genetic material. As a female parent,Ningqi 7,a major cultivar in Ningxia,crossed by Ningxia wild bitter wolfberry,the mature berries of hybrid F_1 generation had a propor-tion of bitterness and sweetness separation,which closed to 1 ∶ 1. Meanwhile,the separation ratio of bitter to sweet berries was 1∶ 4 in F_1,when Ningqi 7,as female parent,crossed by wild semi bitter wolfberry. However,all of F_1 fruits were bitter from the reverse cross. Obviously,bitter genes might be heterozygous of wild bitter wolfberries in rural environment. However,it indicated that bitter traits might be controlled by multiple dominant genes with additive genetic effects,and it might relate to the interaction between nuclear and plastid genetic material. The sweet trait might be controlled by recessive genes. According to preliminary determination,the main source of bitter substance might be flavonoids with taxifolin structure.