单 位：
齐齐哈尔大学理学院;中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所;齐齐哈尔大学化工学院
摘 要：
通过野外取样和室内分析,探讨了冻融期间中高纬地区芦苇沼泽湿地水环境的特征。结果表明,铁、锰元素的时空变化特征对湿地的水环境具有指征作用。冻结期整个湿地表层聚集大量水分,消融后土体的水分明显减少。冻结期低洼处湿地土壤表层含水率达0.8m·3m-(3过饱和状态),洼地边缘土壤最高含水率为0.5m3·m-3,微高地土壤整个土层的含水率最小。pH随着地势逐渐下降而逐渐降低(都表现弱酸性)。低洼部位土壤有机质含量最高,且随着消融过程有机质的增加幅度达55%,随着地势的增高有机质的含量以及变化幅度逐渐减小。小尺度内不同地貌的湿地土壤水文特征影响湿地铁、锰空间分布格局以及迁移转化特征。从水平空间来看,铁的水平分布表现为随着地势的抬升含量逐渐降低;从土壤垂直剖面来看,一般表现为随着剖面的加深,铁、锰的含量逐渐增加,并且淀积层含量明显高于其他层次。湿地土壤中的铁和锰在消融过程中的含量发生明显的变化。消融期间,湿地土壤表层铁的增量达80%以上,洼地边缘的表层也有一定增加,微高处土壤表层的铁、锰含量增加幅度最小。沼泽土壤的铁和锰元素含量与土壤的含水率呈正相关,与土壤的pH值呈负相关,与土壤中有机质的含量还表现出正相关的特征。通过对湿地中铁、锰元素的时空变化规律可以对湿地水环境特征以及演变特征进行指征。
译 名：
Hydro Environment of Wetland and Variation Iron and Manganese During the Thawing Season
作 者：
YE Ya-jie1,YANG Tie-jin1,LUO Jin-ming2,YANG Fan3(1.Department of Chemical Engineering,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar 161006,China;2.Department of Science,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar 161006,China;3.Northeast Institution of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Science,Changchun 130012,China)
关键词：
hydro environment;freezing and thawing action;indicating element
摘 要：
Iron and manganese occur naturally in wetland,and are proved to be a good indicator for the variation of hydro environment in wetland.It was reported that freezing and thawing action would not only affect on soil moisture,but also change the chemical properties obviously,i.e.ascending value pH,increasing the content of organic matter and change the state of metal element occurrence.This research is to explore the hydro environment variation translocation and formation change in reed marsh during the frozen and thawing season.A field experiment was conducted along a 600 m distance transect.Maximum elevation difference was approximately 60 cm.Results indicated that trace of iron and manganese translocation was a good indicator for the variation of wet hydro environment during the freezing and thawing season.A large amount of water was enriched in surface horizon in freezing season,and moisture decreased a lot when thawed completely.The water content in reed march reached as high as 0.8 m3·m-3(to be over-saturated),as a comparison,merely 0.5 m3·m-3 in the marginal of wetland.pH would decrease along landscape elevation.The low elevation would enrich organic matter content,and increased by 55% during the freezing and thawing season,but minor variation in micro high.Hydro environment at local scale would affect the iron and manganese profile and the translocation process.The iron content would descent along ground elevation.In addition,the iron and manganese would enrich along soil profile and accumulate most in B horizon.The iron and manganese content would change significantly during the thawing period,increasing by 80% in micro low(reed marsh).It's interesting to note the concentration of iron and manganese were positive correlation with soil moisture and organic matter but negative correlation with value of pH.
