摘 要：
[目的]确定头花杜鹃(Rhododendron capitatum Maxim)挥发油的最佳提取工艺。[方法]选取提取时间(A)、浸泡时间(B)和加水倍数(C)3个因素,每个因素3个水平,采用L9(34)正交试验进行试验,以挥发油提取量为考察指标,筛选水蒸气蒸馏法的最佳条件。[结果]3个因素对挥发油的提取工艺影响的大小顺序依次为:提取时间>浸泡时间>加水倍数,最优组合为A2B2C1,即加水倍数8倍,提取时间3.0h,浸泡时间2.0h。在此条件下进行验证试验,所得挥发油提取量最高,为1.5%,RSD值为0.066%,表明优选的方法准确可靠。[结论]该研究优化的提取方法易于控制,仪器简单,为头花杜鹃的生产和广泛利用提供了理论依据。
译 名：
Studies on Optimum Extraction Technology of Volatile Oil in Rhoclodendron capitatum Maxim
作 者：
MA Ping et al (College of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Qinghai University for Nationalities,Xining,Qinghai 810007)
关键词：
Rhododendron capitatum Maxim;Volatile oil;Orthogonal test; Extraction technology
摘 要：
[Objective]The research aimed to determine the optimum extraction technology of volatile oil from Rhododendron capitatum. [Method]Three factors of extraction time (A),soaking time (B),water-adding multiple (C) were selected with three levels in each factor. Using the orthogonal test,taking the extraction amount of volatile oil as the observation index,the best conditions of water steam distillation method were screened out. [Result]The influences ranking of three factors on the extraction process of volatile oil was as follows:extraction time > soaking time > water-adding multiple. The optimum combination was A2B2C1,that was to say,adding water eight times,extraction time of 3 h,soaking time of 2 h. The verification test was made under theses conditions. Under the optimum combination,the extraction amount of volatile oil was the highest of 1. 5% with RSD =0. 066% ,which indicated that the optimized method was accurate and reliable. [Conclusion]The optimized extraction method is easy to control and it has simple instrumentation. The research provides a theoretical basis for the production and wide use of Rhododendron capitatum.
