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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 信息素促进凹唇壁蜂访花提高苹果座果率和果实品质 应用昆虫学报 2018 (6) 994-1000
Position: Home > Articles > Releasing Osmia excavata Alfken pheromones increases pollination activity and improves fruit set and quality Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology 2018 (6) 994-1000

信息素促进凹唇壁蜂访花提高苹果座果率和果实品质

关键词：
信息素;苹果;凹唇壁蜂;授粉效率;座果率;品质
摘  要：
【目的】凹唇壁蜂Osmia excavata Alfken是我国北方早春重要的果树传粉昆虫之一,但是其访花活动容易受到早春低温等不良天气的影响。为应对低温等不良天气,研究信息素(蜜蜂活动增强剂)对凹唇壁蜂活动规律、苹果树花朵座果率以及果实产量的影响具有重要意义。【方法】测定苹果树在释放信息素与不释放信息素的条件下,凹唇壁蜂的访花活动规律、花朵座果率及果实产量等数据。【结果】苹果对凹唇壁蜂授粉的依赖程度为0.95。释放信息素区域的凹唇壁蜂访花效率是对照的1.34倍,显著提高苹果的座果率,增加程度为12%;增加平均单果重3.53 g;显著提高0.15 mg/100 g的维生素C含量。【结论】在低温等不良环境条件下,可以通过释放信息素等人工管理措施,提高授粉昆虫对作物的访花效率,进而改善作物品质,提高作物产量,减少损失。
译  名：
Releasing Osmia excavata Alfken pheromones increases pollination activity and improves fruit set and quality
作  者：
WANG Li-Na;YAN Zhuo;OUYANG-Fang;XIAO Yun-Li;QU Cheng-Huai;YE Bao-Hua;MEN Xing-Yuan;Deparement of Plant Protection,Shandong Agriculture University;State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents,Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences;Shandong Plant Protection Station;Muping Agricultural Technology Service and Extention Center;Institute of Plant Protection,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences;
关键词：
pheromone;;apple;;Osmia excavata;;pollination efficiency;;fruit set;;fruit quality
摘  要：
[Objectives] To investigate the effect of releasing a pheromone(Bee activity enhancer) to overcome the effects of adverse weather conditions on the pollination efficiency of Osmia excavata Alfken, one of the most important pollinators in northern China. [Methods] We compared O. excavata activity levels, fruit set and fruit yield at sites where the pheromone was released to that at sites where it was not released. [Results] The dependence of apples on O. excavata for pollination was 0.95. The flower-visiting efficiency of bees in pheromone treated orchards was 1.34 times higher than in control orchards, and releasing pheromone significantly increased the fruit set of apples. Releasing pheromone also increased mean apple weight by 3.53 g, and improved fruit quality by increasing the content of vitamin C by about 0.15 mg/100 g. [Conclusion] Releasing pheromone in apple orchards can counteract the adverse effects of low temperature by increasing the frequency at which O. excavata visits flowers, thereby improving fruit quality, raising fruit yield and reducing fruit loss.

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