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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 青稞酒糟来源菌株的抑菌作用及抑草活性研究 江西农业大学学报 2023 (3) 673-684
Position: Home > Articles > 青稞酒糟来源菌株的抑菌作用及抑草活性研究 Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis 2023 (3) 673-684

青稞酒糟来源菌株的抑菌作用及抑草活性研究

作  者：
支慧;王蕾;白尼玛;李玮
单  位：
青海省海北藏族自治州农牧综合服务中心;青海大学农林科学院
关键词：
青稞酒糟;芽孢杆菌;拮抗作用;扫描电镜;抑草活性
摘  要：
【目的】为筛选出对植物病原菌具有拮抗作用且对杂草具有抑制作用的生防资源。【方法】选用经分离纯化得到的9株青稞酒糟细菌和藜麦黑茎病原菌LM-A、茄病镰刀菌LM-C、燕麦内脐蠕孢菌LM-D 3株病原真菌，通过平板对峙试验，筛选出具有拮抗作用的青稞酒糟菌，并通过形态学、生理生化特性与分子生物学对菌株进行鉴定；进一步通过扫描电镜观察和皿内种子发芽试验，对拮抗菌株的抑菌作用及生物活性进行初步研究。【结果】发现有7株青稞酒糟菌对茄病镰刀菌LM-C的生长具有一定的抑制作用，分别为B1、B3、B4、B6、B7、B8、B9，经鉴定7株酒糟菌均为芽孢杆菌属细菌；扫描电镜结果显示，被上述芽孢杆菌抑制的病原菌菌丝明显发生变瘪、凹陷、杂乱等现象，说明7株芽孢杆菌均具有一定的生防效果。发芽试验中，具有高效抑菌活性的菌株B1、B8、B9，其稀释10倍发酵液对供试杂草自生油菜和野燕麦种子的萌发和幼苗生长仍存在不同程度的抑制作用，但对供试作物春小麦安全。其中，对自生油菜抑制效果较好的是菌株B9,B1则对野燕麦抑制效果更好。【结论】青稞酒糟来源菌株B1、B9均具有较好的生防潜力，可进一步开发研究。
作  者：
ZHI Hui;WANG Lei;BAI Nima;LI Wei;Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University;Xining Experimental Station for Scientific Observation of Crop Pests,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs;Key Laboratory for Comprehensive Control of Agricultural Pests in Qinghai Province;Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Comprehensive Service Center of Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture;
关键词：
distiller's grains of highland barley wine;;bacillus;;antagonistic effect;;scanning electron microscope;;herbicidal activity
摘  要：
[Objective]This study aims to screen for biocontrol resources with antagonistic effect on plant pathogens and inhibitory effect on weeds.[Method]Nine strains of bacteria isolated from highland barley distiller's grains and three strains of pathogenic fungi Neocamarosporium calvescens LM-A,Fusarium solani LM-C and Drechslera avenae LM-D were selected.The antagonistic strains of highland barley distiller's grains were screened by plate confrontation test,and the strains were identified by morphology,physiological and biochemical characteristics and molecular biology.Furthermore,the antibacterial effect and biological activity of antagonistic strains were preliminarily studied by scanning electron microscope observation and seed germination test in dishes.[Result]It was found that seven strains of highland barley distillers ‘grains had certain inhibitory effects on the growth of Fusarium solani LM-C,which were B1,B3,B4,B6,B7,B8 and B9,respectively.Seven distillers' grains were identified as Bacillus bacteria;the results of scanning electron microscopy showed that the mycelium of the pathogen inhibited by the above bacillus was obviously shriveled,depressed and disorderly,indicating that the seven bacillus strains had certain biocontrol effect.In the germination test,the fermentation broth of strains B1,B8 and B9 with high antibacterial activity diluted 10 times had different degrees of inhibition on the germination and seeding growth of the tested weeds,but it was safe for the spring wheat.Among them,the strain B9 had a better inhibitory effect on self-growing Brassica napus L.,and the strain B1 had a better inhibitory effect on Avena fatua L..[Conclusion]Strains B1 and B9 have good biocontrol potential and they can be further developed.

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