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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > “黑麦草—水稻”草田轮作系统的研究 6.冬种黑麦草期间施肥对后作水稻生产的影响 草业学报 2002,11 (4) 21-27
Position: Home > Articles > A study on Italian ryegrass-rice rotation system 6. The effects of fertilization during ryegrass winter cropping on succeeding rice production Acta Prataculturae Sinica 2002,11 (4) 21-27

“黑麦草—水稻”草田轮作系统的研究 6.冬种黑麦草期间施肥对后作水稻生产的影响

作  者：
辛国荣;郑政伟;徐亚幸;杨中艺
单  位：
中山大学生物防治国家重点实验室
关键词：
黑麦草;水稻;草田轮作;施肥
摘  要：
研究了冬种黑麦草期间施肥对后作水稻生产的影响 ,结果显示 :1种草施肥处理区 ,尤其是复合肥施肥处理区的早稻生物量高于休闲区和种草无肥区 ,但分蘖数有所减少 ;2施肥处理增加早稻和晚稻的稻谷千粒重 ;施用尿素增加了早稻的有效分蘖 ,但在一定程度上降低了晚稻的有效分蘖。千粒重和有效分蘖的增加是施肥导致后作水稻增产的主要因素 ;3种草施肥处理的水稻产量较休闲区增产 7.9%～ 14 .6 % ,比种草无肥区增产 9.7%～16 .5 % ,而种草无肥区与休闲区相比 ,水稻减产 1.6 %。可见 ,冬种黑麦草期间施肥是后作水稻增产的不可缺少的条件。 4考虑到从黑麦草收获物中必然带走大量的磷和钾 ,本研究也证实了单施尿素影响晚稻的有效分蘖 ,而且单施尿素容易引起肥害 ,因此 ,种草期间应施用复合肥 ;施肥量对后作水稻产量的影响不大 ,只要施肥量足以维持黑麦草的正常生长 (75 0 kg/ hm2 ) ,即可对后作水稻生产产生正面效应。
译  名：
A study on Italian ryegrass-rice rotation system 6. The effects of fertilization during ryegrass winter cropping on succeeding rice production
作  者：
XIN Guo-rong,ZHENG Zheng-wei,XU Ya-xing,YANG Zhong-yi (1.State Key Laboratory for Biological Control, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou 510275, China; 2.Grassland and Green-Land Research Center, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou 510275, China)
关键词：
Italian ryegrass; rice; rotation; fertilization
摘  要：
Effects of fertilization during Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) winter cropping on growth of succeeding rice (Oryza sativa) were investigated.The results showed: (1) Biomasses of leaf, stem and root of rice were increased by all fertilization treating during ryegrass cropping, especially in the compound fertilizer applied treatments. (2) Fertilization increased the kernel weight of early and late rice. Urea application stimulated fertile tiller production of early rice, but reduced the fertile tiller production of late rice. Therefore, the improvements of kernel weight and fertile tiller production of rice seemed to be the main processes resulted the raising of grain yield of the succeeding rice. (3) The increments of the grain yield of the succeeding rice in the treatments in which ryegrass cropped with fertilizing were ranged from 7.9% to 14.6% when compared to the winter idled treatment, and ranged from 9.7% to 16.5% when compared to the treatment in which ryegrass cropped under no fertilization condition. The grain yield in the treatment in which ryegrass cropped under no fertilization condition was decreased for 1.6% than that in the winter idled treatment. Therefore, fertilization in ryegrass winter cropping stage is necessary for the improvement of succeeding rice production and (4) Considering that a large of soil phosphorus and potassium should be bring out by harvesting ryegrass during the grass winter cropping stage, and the fact that the fertile tillers of late rice were decreased in the urea applying treatments in this experiment and the happening of damage of ryegrass production caused by urea application in another experiment, compound fertilizer should be chosen during ryegrass winter cropping. The amount of fertilization should be decided according to the needs of ryegrass cropping, and the amount of 750 kg/ha seems to be enough for the well-balanced succeeding rice production.

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