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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > Conceptual models of forest dynamics in environmental education and management: keep it as simple as possible, but no simpler 森林生态系统(英文版) 2016,3
Position: Home > Articles > Conceptual models of forest dynamics in environmental education and management: keep it as simple as possible, but no simpler Forest Ecosystems 2016,3

Conceptual models of forest dynamics in environmental education and management: keep it as simple as possible, but no simpler

作  者：
Timo Kuuluvaine
单  位：
Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finlan
关键词：
Natural forest;Forest succession;Forest disturbance;Forest age structure;Forest conservation;Forest restoration;Sustainable management;MULTIPLE SUCCESSIONAL PATHWAYS;OLD-GROWTH;NATURAL DISTURBANCE;BOREAL FORESTS;STANDS;RESTORATION;COMPLEXITY;LANDSCAPE;REGIME
摘  要：
Background: Conceptual models of forest dynamics are powerful cognitive tools, which are indispensable for communicating ecological ideas and knowledge, and in developing strategic approaches and setting targets for forest conservation, restoration and sustainable management. Forest development through time is conventionally described as a directional, or "linear", and predictable sequence of stages from "bare ground" to old forest representing the "climax-state". However, this simple view is incompatible with the current knowledge and understanding of intrinsic variability of forest dynamics. Hypothesis: Overly simple conceptual models of forest dynamics easily become transformed into biased mental models of how forests naturally develop and what kind of structures they display. To be able to communicate the essential features and diversity of forest dynamics, comprehensive conceptual models are needed. For this end, Kuuluvainen (2009) suggested a relatively simple conceptual model of forest dynamics, which separates three major modes of forest dynamics, and incorporates state changes and transitions between the forest dynamics modes depending on changes in disturbance regime. Conclusions: Conceptual models of forest dynamics should be comprehensive enough to incorporate both long-term directional change and short- term cyclic forest dynamics, as well as transitions from one dynamics mode to another depending on changes in the driving disturbance regime type. Models that capture such essential features of forest dynamics are indispensable for educational purposes, in setting reference conditions and in developing methods in forest conservation, restoration and ecosystem management.

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