Weikang Wang;Hongjian Yang;Yan-Lu Wang;Kailun Yang;Linshu Jiang;Shengli L

College of Animal Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumuqi, 830052, China;Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, Chin;Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China;#N# State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China;State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China;College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China

Detoxification;Gossypol;Helicoverpa armigera;Rume

Gossypol, a phenolic compound found in the cotton plant, is widely distributed in cottonseed by-products. Although ruminant animals are believed to be more tolerant of gossypol toxicity than monogastric animals due to rumen microbial fermentation, the actual mechanisms of detoxification remain unclear. In contrast, the metabolic detoxification of gossypol by Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae has achieved great advances. The present review discusses the clinical signs of gossypol in ruminant animals, as well as summarizing advances in the study of gossypol detoxification in the rumen. It also examines the regulatory roles of several key enzymes in gossypol detoxification and transformation known in H. armigera. With the rapid development of modern molecular biotechnology and -omics technology strategies, evidence increasingly indicates that research into the biological degradation of gossypol in H. armigera larvae and some microbes, in terms of these key enzymes, could provide scientific insights that would underpin future work on microbial gossypol detoxification in the rumen, with the ultimate aim of further alleviating gossypol toxicity in ruminant animals.