作 者：
胡景华;张丽珍;廖春华;江武军;曾志将;颜伟玉
关键词：
中华蜜蜂;幼虫信息素;卵黄原蛋白基因;昆虫储存蛋白基因;育王质量
摘 要：
【目的】基于免移虫育王技术,探究幼虫信息素酯类混合物在育王中对中华蜜蜂Apis cerana cerana蜂王质量的影响,为优质蜂王的培育奠定基础。【方法】利用中华蜜蜂免移虫育王生产器培育蜂王,在幼虫60-64 h时向王台内注入1μL不同酯类组成的混合物(酯类混和物的浓度梯度分别为0,0.1%,1.0%和10.0%),待蜂王出房后测定蜂王初生重、胸重、胸宽以及单侧卵巢管数量;并利用荧光定量PCR测定蜂王卵巢卵黄原蛋白基因Vitellogenin(Vg),昆虫储存蛋白基因hexamerin70b(hex70b)和hexamerin110(hex110)的表达量。【结果】免移虫育王过程中添加3种信息素酯类混合物3E(1.0%甲基亚油酸酯、16.0%甲基亚麻酸酯和35.0%甲基油酸酯),不同浓度处理时蜂王的初生重较对照(石蜡油)均显著增加,但蜂王胸宽和胸重均无显著变化;0.1%和1.0%浓度处理组蜂王单侧卵巢管数显著增加;不同浓度处理组Vg和hex70b的表达量均无显著变化,但1.0%和10.0%浓度处理组蜂王卵巢的hex110表达量显著升高。4种信息素酯类混合物4E(4.5%甲基棕榈酸酯、1.0%甲基亚油酸酯、16.0%甲基亚麻酸酯和35.0%甲基油酸酯)试验组只有10.0%浓度处理组蜂王的初生重和单侧卵巢管数较对照显著上升(P<0.05),0.1%和1.0%浓度处理对蜂王的个体发育指标均无显著影响(P>0.05);0.1%和1.0%浓度处理组Vg的表达量、10.0%浓度处理组hex70b的表达量以及1.0%和10.0%浓度处理组hex110的表达量均显著上升(P<0.05)。10种信息素酯类混合物10E(4.5%甲基棕榈酸酯、2.5%甲基硬脂酸、35.0%甲基油酸酯、1.0%甲基亚油酸酯、16.0%甲基亚麻酸酯、3.5%乙基棕榈酸酯、1.5%乙基硬脂酸酯、18.0%乙基油酸酯、0.5%乙基亚油酸酯和17.5%乙基亚麻酸酯)试验组,各个浓度处理蜂王的初生重以及Vg和hex110的表达量均显著下降(P<0.05),但蜂王的单侧卵巢管数和胸部指标无显著变化(P>0.05),10.0%浓度处理时hex70b的表达量也显著降低(P<0.05)。【结论】中华蜜蜂育王过程中添加1.0%的3E和10.0%的4E幼虫信息素酯类可以在一定程度上提高蜂王质量。
译 名：
Effects of mixtures of brood pheromone esters on the reared queen quality of the Chinese honeybee,Apis cerana cerana (Hymenoptera:Apidae)
作 者：
HU Jing-Hua;ZHANG Li-Zhen;LIAO Chun-Hua;JIANG Wu-Jun;ZENG Zhi-Jiang;YAN Wei-Yu;Honeybee Research Institute,Jiangxi Agricultural University;Apiculture Research Institute of Jiangxi Province;
关键词：
Apis cerana cerana;;brood pheromone;;vitellogenin gene;;hexamerin gene;;reared queen quality
摘 要：
【Aim】The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of mixtures of brood pheromone esters on the queen quality of the Chinese honeybee,Apis cerana cerana,reared by queen-rearingtechnology without larvae-grafting,and to find a way to rear high-quality queen. 【Methods 】Queenrearing technology without larvae-grafting was employed to rear queen of A. cerana cerana. Using a micro sampling syringe injector,1 μL of mixture of brood pheromone esters with the concentration gradients of0,0. 1%,1. 0% and 10. 0% was added into queen cells,respectively,when the queen larvae were60-64 h old. The body weight,the weight and width of thorax,the number of ovarioles in one ovary of the newly-emerged queens were tested. And the gene expression levels of vitellogenin( Vg),hexamerin70 b( hex70 b) and hexamerin110( hex110) were quantified by q PCR. 【Results】The results showed that the body weight of the newly-emerged queens of A. cerana cerana was increased significantly( P < 0. 05) in the treatments with the mixture of three brood pheromone esters( 3 E)( 1. 0% methyl linoleate,16. 0% methyl linolenate,and 35. 0% methyl oleate) at all the three concentrations,while the width and weight of thorax of reared queens had no significant change as compared with the control( paraffin oil)( P > 0. 05). The number of ovarioles in one ovary was increased significantly( P < 0. 05)in 0. 1% and 1. 0% treatment groups. The expression levels of Vg and hex70 b in all 3 E treatment groups had no significant change,while that of hex110 in 1. 0% and 10. 0% 3 E treatment groups increased significantly( P < 0. 05) as compared with the control. When the queens were reared with the mixture of four brood pheromone esters( 4 E)( 4. 5% methyl palmitate,1. 0% methyl linoleate,16. 0% methyl linolenate,and 35. 0% methyl oleate),the body weight of the newly-emerged queens and the number of ovarioles in one ovary significantly increased in 10. 0% 4 E treatment group( P < 0. 05),while no significant difference of developmental indexes existed in 0. 1% and 1. 0% 4 E treatment groups( P >0. 05). The expression levels of Vg in ovaries in 0. 1% and 1. 0% 4 E treatment groups,hex70 b in10. 0% 4 E treatment group and hex110 in 1. 0% and 10. 0% 4 E treatment groups all significantly increased as compared with the control( P < 0. 05). When the queens were reared with the mixture of 10 brood pheromone esters( 10 E)( 4. 5% methyl palmitate,2. 5% methyl stearate,35. 0% methyl oleate,1. 0% methyl linoleate,16. 0% methyl linolenate,3. 5% ethyl palmitate,1. 5% ethyl stearate,18. 0%ethyl oleate,0. 5% ethyl linoleate,and 17. 5% ethyl linolenate),the body weight of the newly-emerged queens,and the expression levels of Vg and hex110 in ovaries in all treatment groups significantly decreased as compared with the control( P < 0. 05),while the number of ovarioles in one ovary and the thorax indexes showed no significant change( P > 0. 05). The expression level of hex70 b also reduced significantly in 10% 10 E treatment group( P < 0. 05). 【Conclusion】To a certain extent,the 1. 0% 3 E and 10. 0% 4 E added in queen-rearing process of A. cerana cerana could improve the queen quality.
