摘 要：
(一)本文就昆虫常见的数种集团分布:潘松分布、核心分布和负二项式分布的公式、性质和例子等略加讨论介绍。 (二)我们在广州附近对三化螟各时期和白穗、枯心苗的田间分布型式作了初步的调查,所得结果如下: 1.螟蛾和卵块在秧田上是随机分布的。 2.幼虫在本田分布不随机,符合核心分布和负二项式分布。 3.白穗在田间的分布不随机,1×1丛、2×2丛、……6×6丛各种取样单位型样本均符合负二项式分布,4×4丛、5×5丛和6×6丛三种取样单位型样本则更符合核心分布。 4.稻遗株内越冬幼虫分布不随机,亦不符合核心分布,但符合负二项式分布。 5.晚造本田枯心苗田间分布不随机,符合核心分布和负二项式分布。 (三)本文就昆虫集团分布型式的调查在实用上的意义,联系到三化螟来讨论,我们论及与虫害调查取样技术、田间试验设计、统计代换方法、昆虫生活习性和害虫防治等各方面的关系;其中取样技术方面,我们举出针对三化螟幼虫在本田和白穗不随机分布的取样新方法的尝试,希望对今后螟害调查工作有所帮助。 (四)最后,我们就一些昆虫分布的特殊问题加以论列,像密度对分布型式的影响,混合集团和环境因素的影响于昆虫集团分布类型等,就中说明了密度过大过 小时了解分布型式成为不必要的,因为极度的不均衡会回复为均衡状态的。
译 名：
PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE FORM OF POPULATION DISTRIBUTION OF THE RICE STEM BORER,SCHOENOBIUS INCERTELLUS WALKER,AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN PRACTICE
作 者：
YIN JU-CHAN;CHIU SHIN-FOON;WANG CHIEN-MING South-China Agricultural College
摘 要：
In connection with experiments on the control of the rice stem borer, aseries of observations were conducted in 1949 to 1952 in Canton to determinethe form of the distribution of the moth, the egg-mass and the larval popula-tions of this species. It was found that the moth and egg-mass populations inrice seed-beds are in essential agreement with the random distribution of thePoisson series. The larval population in spring-crop fields apparently conformsto the contagious and the negative binomial distributions. The larval population during hibernation period appears to be neither of the random distribution norof the contagious type but agrees with the negative binomial distribution. The population distribution of the injured stems, characterized by the ap-pearance of "dead-hearts" and "white ears" was also studied. The "dead-hearts"popolation in autumn-crop fields conforms with the contagious and the negativebinomial distribution. The distribution of the "white ears" is not at random. It iseither in essential agreement with the contagious or with the negative binomialdistribution, depending on the size of the sampling unit. Based on the form of population distribution the questions of sampling tech-nique, the design of field experiments, the transformation of data for statisticalanalysis, as well as the habits and control of insects have been discussed inrelation to the rice stem borer. Since the populations of larvae and "whiteears" differ significantly from the random distribution, a new technique forsampling has been proposed. It is hoped that this may be useful in the investi-gations on the relative effectiveness of control operations and for census purposes.
