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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 细辛菌核疫病Sclerotinia asari的研究——Ⅱ.侵染与发病规律 沈阳农业大学学报 1983 (2) 71-83
Position: Home > Articles > STUDIES ON SCLEROTIAL BLIGHT OF ASARUM HETEROTROPIDES VAR. MANDSHURICUM Ⅱ. INFECTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF SCLEROTINIA ASARI Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University 1983 (2) 71-83

细辛菌核疫病Sclerotinia asari的研究——Ⅱ.侵染与发病规律

作  者：
王崇仁;吴友三
摘  要：
细辛菌核疫病的主要侵染来源是菌丝体。在自然条件下菌核则难以直接萌发和侵染。此菌的子囊孢子致病力很弱,构成初侵来源的可能性极小。病菌以穿透方式侵入,潜育期一般为22～48小时左右。病菌的侵染力以新生菌丝体最强;老化菌丝体较弱;形成白色菌核后则难于侵染。室内接种试验结果,侵染的起点温度为1℃±,适温为10℃左右,24℃±为侵染的临界高温,27℃以上基本不能侵染。低温(10℃左右),侵染性菌丝生长旺盛,休眠体—菌核产生的少而慢,高温 (18℃以上) 菌核产生的多而快。侵染及发病与细辛苗龄无相关性。病菌从根、茎、叶均可侵入,以伤口侵入稍快。病害的传染来源主要为带有菌丝体的病苗、病土、病种等等。田间发病规律为,首先出现中心病株,进而产生中心病点、中心病床,再经传播形成较大的中心病区。在自然传播中,农事操作等人为活动往往起着重要作用。病害基本上不能借空气传播,扩展速度较慢。但形成病田之后整个耕层被病菌占据,很难防治。由于病菌在较低的温度下旺盛活动,田间发病大致分为:春季发病期、初夏扩展期、盛夏中止期、秋季发病期和冬季休眠期五个阶段。
译  名：
STUDIES ON SCLEROTIAL BLIGHT OF ASARUM HETEROTROPIDES VAR. MANDSHURICUM Ⅱ. INFECTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF SCLEROTINIA ASARI
作  者：
Wang Chong-ren Wu Yu-san
摘  要：
The present paper is a further report on the infection and development of Sclerotinia asari Wu & C.R.Wang in Asarum medicinal plant gardens. From the disease survey of Asarum gardens, the primary infected source of the pathogen was due to mycelial infection from different kinds of contaminated materials. The newly growth mycelia held highly infective ability than the old one. Under the field conditions, the sclerotia lying insoil could not germinate and was unable to infect the host. Occasionlly the ascospores discharged from apothecia for primary infection was merely negligible. The causal fungus made infection by direct penetration of roots, stems, leaves and also easily through the wounds. The lower soil temperature favored the disease developent. Under our laboratory inoculations, the lower temperature limit infection was at 1℃, the relative suitable temperature at 10℃, the critical high temperature was at 24℃. Above 27℃, no infection could take place. There was no relation to the age of plants in infection. Seedlings, seeds and soil carrying the pathogen provided the major sources in dissemination. Diseased symptom was firstly shown in the individual plant and as the pathogen spreaded on, the neigbour plants became diseased. And so on, the whole bed was affected.Although, the spreading rate was rather slow, but once when the disease was to be established, it was not easily to eliminate. Under natural conditions, the occurrence of epidemics may be divided into five phasic stages. The sclerotial blight began to appearance in the late March to the middle of May, and well extended to the early summer. When the high temperature was coming, the disease stopped to develop in July to August. As the temperature gradually slowed down, the fungus survived again and made trouble in the middle of September and November. The disease kept dormant in the winter. This is agreeable to the fungus favoring the lower soil temparature infection and deveplopment.

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