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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 南方稻作烟区不同品种上部烟叶烘烤特性差异 核农学报 2017 (11) 2213-2220
Position: Home > Articles > Difference on the Upper Leaves Curing Characteristics of Different Cultivars of Flue-cured Tobacco in Paddy-tobacco Growing Area in Southern China Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences 2017 (11) 2213-2220

南方稻作烟区不同品种上部烟叶烘烤特性差异

作  者：
肖志君;裴晓东;邓小华;何命军;李帆;黄松青;陈金;蔡兴
单  位：
湖南省烟草公司长沙市公司;湖南农业大学农学院
关键词：
上部烟叶;稻作烟区;烤烟;品种;烘烤特性
摘  要：
为明确南方稻作烟区不同品种上部烟叶烘烤特性,采用暗箱和电烤箱方法研究了K326、G80、云烟87的变黄变褐特性、失水特性、叶绿素降解特性、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性及化学成分。结果表明,K326上部烟叶易变黄、较易变褐;G80易变黄、易变褐;云烟87易变黄、不易变褐。K326的上部烟叶失水均衡性为0.495,G80为0.445,云烟87为0.496,3个品种上部烟叶失水均衡性均较好。K326、G80、云烟87的上部烟叶叶绿素降解量均在92%以上,叶绿素降解速率均在1.28%·h~(-1)以上,叶绿素降解特性均较好。K326、G80、云烟87的上部烟叶PPO活性平均值分别为0.458、0.612、0.263 U,品种之间差异显著。烟叶在烘烤过程中,还原糖含量增加,烟碱、总氮和钾含量无显著变化;K326品种的上部烟叶还原糖含量相对较高,G80的烟碱含量相对较高,云烟87的总氮含量相对较高,3个品种的钾含量无显著差异。结合暗箱试验和烘烤试验对3个品种进行对比,云烟87上部烟叶易烤性和耐烤性好,烘烤特性较好;K326上部烟叶易烤性和耐烤性中等,烘烤特性中等;G80上部烟叶易烤性中等,耐烤性差,烘烤特性较差。不同品种在不同烟区的上部烟叶烘烤特性存在差异,所以要依据烟叶烘烤特性制定相应的烘烤工艺,以期显露和发挥烟叶潜在质量特性,提高烤烟种植效益。
译  名：
Difference on the Upper Leaves Curing Characteristics of Different Cultivars of Flue-cured Tobacco in Paddy-tobacco Growing Area in Southern China
作  者：
XIAO Zhijun;PEI Xiaodong;DENG Xiaohua;HE Mingjun;LI Fan;HUANG Songqing;CHEN Jin;CAI Xing;College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University;Changsha Tobacco Company of Hunan Province;
关键词：
upper tobacco leaves;;paddy tobacco growing area;;flue cured tobacco;;cultivars;;curing characteristics
摘  要：
In order to investigate the upper leaves curing characteristics of different cultivars of flue-cured tobacco in paddy-tobacco growing area in southern China,yellowing and browning characteristics,dehydrating characteristics,degradation characteristics of chlorophyll,polyphenol oxidase( PPO) activity and chemical composition of K326,G80 and Yunyan 87 as the were investigated using the dark chamber method and electric-heated flue-curing barn method.Results indicate that: upper leaves of K326 are easy to turn yellow and less easy to turn brown,and those of G80 are easy to turn yellow and so to turn brown,those of Yunyan 87 are easy to turn yellow but not so to turn brown. For upper leaves of K326,G80 and Yunyan 87,their proportionality of water loss rate are 0. 495,0. 445 and 0. 496,respectively,which are good in general; their degradation amount of chlorophyll are above 92% and their degradation rate of chlorophyll are above 1. 28%·h~(-1),indicating their good degradation characteristics of chlorophyll; and the mean values of their polyphenol oxidase( PPO) activity are 0. 458,0. 612 and 0. 263 U,respectively,which show significant differences between tobacco cultivars. During the curing process,the reducing sugar content of tobacco leaves increases but contents of nicotine,total nitrogen and potassium are remained to be constant. For upper leaves,the reducing sugar content of K326,nicotine content of G80 and total nitrogen content of Yunyan 87 are larger than that of others,while the potassium content of the 3 cultivars are the same. Based on dark chamber tests and curing tests,upper leaves of Yunyan87 have good easy curing potential and endurable curing potential and fair curing characteristics; upper leaves of K326 have medium easy curing potential and endurable curing potential; and upper leaves of G80 have medium easy curing potential,bad endurable curing potential and poor curing characteristics. Because upper leaves of different tobacco cultivars and tobacco-growing areas show different curing characteristics,corresponding curing techniques should be performed according to the curing characteristics of tobacco leaves,in order to mainfest and exploit the potential quality traits of tobacco leaves,and enhance the benifits of flue-cured tobacco planting.

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