作 者：
叶丽娟;王珂;刘绍平;段辛斌;陈大庆;郑永华
单 位：
西南大学水产学院;中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所
摘 要：
为了解生态涵养区不同区域底栖动物随着时间的变化情况,2019 年10 月、2020 年11 月、2021 年10 月在东流水道莲花洲港对底栖动物群落结构进行了研究.结果显示:总体水平上底栖动物种类逐年增加;底栖动物密度、生物量、丰富度指数(D)、多样性指数(H')、均匀度指数(J)均呈现逐年上升的趋势.从不同区域来看,透水框架区底栖动物物种类数增加,鱼巢排区物种种类数先降低后稳定,其他区域物种数呈现先降低后升高的趋势;鱼巢排区密度、透水框架区底栖动物密度和生物量,其他区域生物量均呈现逐年上升的趋势;鱼巢排区、其他区域底栖动物丰富度指数(D)、多样性指数(H')、均匀度指数(J)均呈现逐年上升的趋势;透水框架区多样性指数(H')、均匀度指数(J)呈现逐年上升的趋势,2021 年丰富度指数(D)相对于2020 年略微下降,但远大于2019 年水平.研究结果表明,生态涵养区营造的水体环境促进了底栖动物的生存繁殖,且随着年份的增加,底栖动物种类、密度和生物量、多样性变化指数呈现逐渐上升的趋势.
译 名：
Short-term changes of benthic communities in different conservation areas of Lianhua Island port
关键词：
Lianhua Island port%ecological conservation area%structural changes of benthos
摘 要：
The sampling surveys were conducted on benthic animals in Lianhua Island port in October 2019,November 2020,and October 2021 to understand the conservation effect of the ecological conservation area of Lianhua Island port on the Dongshui River.The differences in community structure of benthic animals between different regions were analyzed,and short-term changes of benthic animals in different conservation and non engineering areas were further compared.The results showed that at the overall level,the species of benthic ani-mals were increasing year by year,and the density,biomass,richness index(D),diversity index(H'),and evenness index(J)of benthic animals are showing an increasing trend year by year.From different regions,the number of benthic animal species in the improved area S2 increased,while the number of species in the en-hanced area S1 decreased first and then stabilized.The number of species in other areas showed a trend of de-creasing first and then increasing;The density and biomass of S1 and S2 benthic animals in the improved area and the biomass in other areas showed an increasing trend year by year.The average density of benthic animals in different areas decreased in 2020 and increased to 21.33 ind/m2 in 2021.The abundance index(D),diversi-ty index(H'),and evenness index(J)of benthic animals in fish nesting areas and other areas showed an in-creasing trend year by year.The richness index of S2 in the improved area increased from 0.74 in 2019 to 1.30 in 2020 and1.14 in2021.The diversity index(H')and evenness index(J)showed an increasing trend year by year.
The research results indicated that permeable frameworks and fish nests create suitable water flow condi-tions for the survival of benthic animals,which is beneficial for their survival.The ecological conservation effect of the porous framework area is better than that of the fish nest discharge area.The water environment created by ecological conservation areas promotes the survival and reproduction of benthic animals,and with the in-crease of project implementation years,the number,density,biomass,and diversity change index of benthic animals show an increasing trend year by year.
