摘 要：
试验旨在研究饲喂欧洲菊苣对长大二元母猪配种受胎率及产仔性能的影响,将猪场半个月内执行断奶转舍操作的126头2~4胎健康母猪,分别于断奶当日随机编入对照组和欧洲菊苣组,每组63头,每头母猪为1个重复。对照组猪在空怀期自由采食哺乳料,发情配种后转入定位栏并饲喂妊娠前期料2.0 kg/(头·天),欧洲菊苣组猪在空怀期除自由采食哺乳料外另足量供应欧洲菊苣鲜茎叶,发情配种后转入定位栏并饲喂妊娠前期料1.8 kg/(头·天)和欧洲菊苣鲜茎叶2.0 kg/(头·天),配种后25 d内注意观察、发现并记录返情母猪。第26日使用超声妊娠测定仪进行妊娠诊断,确定妊娠的对照组猪改喂妊娠中期料2.5 kg/(头·天),欧洲菊苣组猪改喂妊娠中期料2.25 kg/(头·天)和欧洲菊苣鲜茎叶2.5 kg/(头·天)。第85日对照组猪改喂妊娠后期料3.0 kg/(头·天),欧洲菊苣组猪改喂妊娠后期料2.7 kg/(头·天)和欧洲菊苣鲜茎叶3.0 kg/(头·天)。预产期前3 d转入产房产仔床观察、待产,并统一饲喂哺乳料3.0 kg/(头·天),不再供应欧洲菊苣鲜茎叶。结果显示,与对照组相比,欧洲菊苣组1次配种受胎率、窝产仔总数、3日龄窝活仔数、窝活仔初生总重分别提高15.99%、6.57%、6.89%、8.30%,差异均显著(P<0.05);欧洲菊苣组窝活仔初生均重提高1.25%、差异不显著(P>0.05)。综合考虑,欧洲菊苣鲜茎叶有助于长大二元母猪繁殖性能的发挥,且种植欧洲菊苣具有良好的环境绿化、周边小气候改善效果,因此其适宜在今后的规模化健康养殖和种养一体化小环境治理中进行进一步推广应用。
译 名：
Effects of European Chicory on Breeding Pregnancy Rate and Litter Performance in Landrace-Yorkshire Crossbred Sows
作 者：
DONG Dianyuan;Tianjin Xiqing District Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center;
关键词：
european chicory;;sow;;breeding pregnancy rate;;litter performance
摘 要：
The experiment was conducted to determine the effects of european chicory on breeding pregnancy rate and litter performance in Landrace-Yorkshire crossbred sows.A total 126 2~4 parity's health Landrace-Yorkshire crossbred sows,which gradually executed the operation of weaning and transferring to non-pregnancy piggery,were randomly allotted to the control group or the european chicory group in the day of weaning.Each group included 63 sows, one sow per replicate.Sow in the control group was fed with lactation diets before estrus,not restricted feed-intake,artificial inseminated after observed estrus, simultaneously transferred into position bar and changed to be fed with early-pregnancy diets(2.0 kg/d), sow in the european chicory group was fed with not only lactation diets but also european chicory's fresh stem and leaf, not restricted feed-intake, artificial inseminated after observed estrus,simultaneously transferred into position bar and changed to be fed with early-pregnancy diets(1.8 kg/d) and european chicory's fresh stem and leaf(2.0 kg/d).To observe,discover and record estrus sows within 25 days after insemination.To carry out pregnancy diagnosis by the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus at the 26 th day after insemination,meanwhile pregnancy-determined sow in control group changed to be fed with mid-pregnancy diets(2.5 kg/d),pregnancy-determined sow in european chicory group changed to be fed with mid-pregnancy diets(2.25 kg/d) and european chicory's fresh stem and leaf(2.5 kg/d). At the 85 th day after insemination,pregnancy-determined sow in control group changed to late-pregnancy diets(3 kg/d),pregnancy-determined sow in european chicory group changed to latepregnancy diets(2.7 kg/d) and european chicory's fresh stem and leaf(3.0 kg/d).At 3th day before expected date of parturition every sow was transferred into farrowing piggery,observed and litterred in farrowing bed, only fed with lactation diets(3.0 kg/d),ceasing to supply european chicory.The results showed as follows: compared with control group,european chicory group's 4 indicators including the breeding pregnancy rate of first estrus after weaning, the litter size, 3th day's live litter size and total birth-weight of live litter size,were increased by 15.99%,6.57%,6.89%,8.30%,all the differences were significant(P<0.05),the indicator of live litter's average birth-weight was increased by 1.25%, the difference was not significant(P>0.05). Comprehensive consideration: european chicory's fresh stem and leaf would help to promote sow's reproductive performance, and have good effects on environment greening as well as surrounding microclimate improving.Accordingly,european chicory is suitable to promote in large-scale healthy animal husbandry and integrated development of planting and breeding in the future.
