作 者：
廖莹;杨洁;李军国;刘巍;邵爽;卢丽枝;张玉柱;李俊;沈水宝
单 位：
广西大学动物科学技术学院;广西大学农牧产业发展研究院;中国农业科学院饲料研究所;安佑生物科技集团股份有限公司;广西壮族自治区畜牧站
关键词：
饲料级磷酸盐;理化特性;混合粉料;颗粒饲料质量
摘 要：
本试验旨在探究不同饲料级磷酸盐对玉米豆粕混合粉料理化特性及颗粒饲料质量的影响.将粉碎好的玉米和豆粕按质量比6∶4进行混合,对照组不添加饲料级磷酸盐,试验组添加2%的不同饲料级磷酸(磷酸氢钙、粉状磷酸二氢钙、粒状磷酸二氢钙、粉状磷酸一二钙和粒状磷酸一二钙),比较混合粉料的流动特性、水合特性及糊化特性;混合粉料经调质、制粒,比较制粒性能及颗粒饲料质量.结果表明:1)不同饲料级磷酸盐的理化特性有显著差异(P<0.05),其中磷酸氢钙的休止角显著高于其他饲料级磷酸盐(P<0.05),水溶性指数显著低于其他饲料级磷酸盐(P<0.05).2)不同饲料级磷酸盐组与对照组相比,混合粉料的松散密度除磷酸氢钙组外均显著增大(P<0.05),振实密度除磷酸氢钙组和粒状磷酸一二钙组外均显著增大(P<0.05),压缩度除磷酸氢钙组外均显著降低(P<0.05).磷酸氢钙组混合粉料的松散密度显著小于其他饲料级磷酸盐组(P<0.05),压缩度显著大于其他饲料级磷酸盐组(P<0.05).同一种饲料级磷酸盐的粒状组的松散密度显著高于粉状组(P<0.05),压缩度则显著低于粉状组(P<0.05).各饲料级磷酸盐组混合粉料的峰值黏度、保持黏度、崩解值、最终黏度及回生值均较对照组显著降低(P<0.05),除磷酸氢钙组外糊化温度均较对照组显著升高(P<0.05).3)与对照组相比,各饲料级磷酸盐组颗粒饲料产量显著提高(P<0.05),淀粉糊化度显著降低(P<0.05),颗粒耐久性(PDI)和硬度有不同程度的提高,其中磷酸氢钙组的PDI最高.综合考虑饲料级磷酸盐的成本及加工制粒效果,在满足动物营养需求的条件下,5种饲料级磷酸盐中以磷酸氢钙更具优势.
译 名：
Effects of Feed Grade Phosphates on Physicochemical Properties and Pellet Feed Quality of Corn-Soybean Meal Mash Feed
关键词：
feed grade phosphates%physicochemical properties%mash feed%pellet feed quality
摘 要：
The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of different feed grade phosphates on the physicochemical properties and pellet feed quality of corn-soybean meal mash feed.In this experiment,the crushed corn and soybean meal were mixed according to the mass ratio of 6∶4,the control group did not add feed grade phosphate,and the test group added 2%of different feed grade phosphates,they were dicalcium phosphate(DCP),powdery monocalcium phosphate(MCP),granular MCP,powdery mono-dicalcium phos-phate(MDCP),granular MDCP,and the flow properties,hydration properties and gelatinization properties of the mash feed were compared and granulation performance and pellet feed quality were compared.The results showed as follows:1)there were significant differences in the physicochemical properties of different feed grade phosphates(P<0.05),and the angle of repose of DCP was significantly higher than that of other feed grade phosphates(P<0.05),the water solubility index(WSI)was significantly lower than that of other feed grade phosphate(P<0.05).2)Different feed grade phosphate groups compared with the control group,the apparent density of the feed mash was significantly increased(P<0.05)except DCP group,the tap density was significantly increased(P<0.05)except DCP group and granular MDCP,and the compressibility was signifi-cantly decreased(P<0.05)except DCP group.The apparent density of the feed mash of DCP group was sig-nificantly lower than other feed grade phosphate groups(P<0.05),and the compressibility was significantly higher than other feed grade phosphate groups(P<0.05).For the same feed grade phosphate,the apparent density of granular group was significantly higher than that of the powdery group(P<0.05),and the compres-sion was significantly lower than that of the powdery group(P<0.05).The peak viscosity,trough viscosity,breakdown value,final viscosity and setback value of the feed mash of feed grade phosphate groups were sig-nificantly decreased compared with the control group(P<0.05),and the pasting temperature was significantly increased compared with the control group(P<0.05)except DCP group.3)The feed grade phosphates could significantly improve the production rate(P<0.05),significantly decrease the starch gelatinization degree(P<0.05),and improve the pellet durability index(PDI)and hardness in different degrees,among which the PDI of the DCP group was the highest.Considering the cost of feed grade phosphate and the processing and granula-tion effect,dicalcium phosphate has more advantages in five feed grade phosphates under the condition of meeting the nutritional needs of animals.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2024,36(9):6109-6120]
