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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 不同氮、钾水平对弱筋小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响 麦类作物学报 2006,26 (6) 96-100
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of Nitrogen and Potassium Supply on Grain Yield and Quality in Weak Gluten Wheat Journal of Triticeae Crops 2006,26 (6) 96-100

不同氮、钾水平对弱筋小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响

作  者：
邹铁祥;戴廷波;姜东;荆奇;曹卫星
单  位：
南京农业大学农业部作物生长调控重点开放实验室
关键词：
弱筋小麦;氮素水平;钾素水平;籽粒产量和品质;氮/钾比
摘  要：
以弱筋小麦宁麦9号为材料,在江苏南京和安徽泾县两个地点,研究了不同氮、钾施肥水平对小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响及其与开花期叶片氮、钾营养的关系。结果表明,增施氮、钾均极显著提高了籽粒产量、蛋白质和湿面筋含量、沉淀值及面团形成时间;施氮极显著提高了面团稳定时间和评价值,但极显著降低了淀粉含量,而施钾对淀粉含量、面团稳定时间和评价值的影响较小;氮钾互作对籽粒产量、淀粉与蛋白质及湿面筋含量的影响达到显著或极显著水平,但对沉淀值和面团流变学特性的影响不显著。氮、钾肥对籽粒产量和品质的影响在两地点表现出相同的趋势。增施氮、钾提高了开花期叶片氮、钾含量,使氮/钾比在施氮下增加,在施钾下降低。开花期叶片氮/钾比与籽粒产量、蛋白质和湿面筋含量及沉淀值呈二次曲线关系,且均达到极显著水平,表明增加开花期叶片氮、钾含量并保持适宜的氮/钾比有利于弱筋小麦提高产量和改善品质。在本试验条件下,氮、钾施肥水平分别在225和75 kg.ha-1、开花期叶片氮/钾比达1.5时,弱筋小麦可实现高产与优质的协调。
译  名：
Effects of Nitrogen and Potassium Supply on Grain Yield and Quality in Weak Gluten Wheat
作  者：
ZOU Tie-xiang,DAI Ting-bo,JIANG Dong,JING Qi,CAO Wei-xing(Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation,Ministry of Agriculture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210095,China)
关键词：
Weak gluten wheat;Nitrogen rate;Potassium rate;Grain yield and quality;Ratio of nitrogen to potassium
摘  要：
Field trials were conducted in Nanjing(118°48′ E,32°05′ N) and Jingxian(117°17′ E,30°37′ N) to investigate the effects of different rates of nitrogen(N) and potassium(K) on grain yield and quality,and their relationships with leaf N and K nutrition status at anthesis of weak gluten wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) Ningmai9.The results showed that N and K fertilization significantly increased grain yield,protein content,wet gluten content,SDS-sedimentation volume and dough development time as compared with no N and K treatment(P< 0.01).Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased dough stability time and valorimeter value(P< 0.01),but markedly decreased starch content(P< 0.01),whereas potassium fertilization had insignificant effect on starch content,dough stability time and valorimeter value.The interaction of N and K significantly enhanced grain yield,and the contents of starch, protein and wet gluten(P<0.05),but had insignificant effects on SDS-sedimentation volume and dough rheological characteristics.In addition,the effects of N and K fertilization on grain yield and quality showed the similar result. Furthermore,the contents of N and K in leaves at anthesis increased with the supply of N and K,and the ratio of nitrogen to potassium enhanced with N supply, but decreased with K supply.Grain yield,protein content,wet gluten content and SDS-sedimentation volume showed a strong quadratic curve correlation with the ratio of nitrogen to potassium.The results suggested that suitable ratio of leaf N to K at anthesis based on higher leaf N and K nutrition was the vital physiological basis for synchronously improving grain yield and quality of weak gluten wheat.Under the experimental condition,the suitable fertilization rate of nitrogen and potassium was 225 and 75 kg·ha~(-1),respectively,and the reasonable ratio of N to K at anthesis reached 1.5 for high yielding and quality weak gluten wheat production.

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