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Position: Home > Articles > Optimization of fermentation conditions and feed safety evaluation of pleurotus eryngii Feed Industry 2019 (19) 15-19

杏鲍菇菌糠发酵条件优化及饲料安全性评价

作  者：
周静鹏;魏涛;徐崇;樊永亮;卢徐斌;陈志;张慧敏;杨章平
单  位：
扬州大学动物科学与技术学院
关键词：
杏鲍菇菌糠;饲料;安全性;发酵条件;营养水平
摘  要：
研究旨在筛选杏鲍菇菌糠最佳发酵菌种及条件,评价其作为饲料原料的安全性。以杏鲍菇菌糠饲料为研究对象,依据国家饲料卫生标准,检测其重金属、霉菌毒素、农药残留、有害微生物含量等指标,在此基础上,进行梯度含水量(低50%、中60%、高70%)与三组不同微生物发酵剂(乳酸菌、乳酸菌-酵母菌、乳酸菌-酵母菌-枯草芽孢杆菌)试验设计,设置对照组不发酵,每隔24 h测定概略养分(粗蛋白质、粗纤维、粗脂肪、干物质)、有氧稳定性、霉菌毒素。结果表明,发酵前后的杏鲍菇菌糠饲料各项安全性检测指标均符合国家饲料卫生标准,当杏鲍菇菌糠饲料水分含量为60%时,采用乳酸菌-酵母菌-枯草芽孢杆菌复合发酵剂发酵,营养水平各项指标最优,与对照组相比,粗蛋白质含量平均提升27.12%,粗纤维含量平均降低19.52%,粗脂肪含量平均提升38.92%,干物质含量平均下降3.41%。其有氧稳定性也高于其他组,生物毒素含量降低,AFB1、OTA、DON含量较未发酵前平均降低4.77%、40.42%、4.65%。研究表明杏鲍菇菌糠发酵饲料符合国家饲料安全标准,且经微生物发酵后的杏鲍菇菌糠营养水平提高,霉菌毒素有所降低,以杏鲍菇菌糠饲料水分含量为60%与乳酸菌-酵母菌-枯草芽孢杆菌复合发酵剂发酵最佳。
译  名：
Optimization of fermentation conditions and feed safety evaluation of pleurotus eryngii
作  者：
Zhou Jingpeng;Wei Tao;Xu Chong;Fan Yongliang;Lu Xubin;Chen Zhi;Zhang Huimin;Yang Zhangping;
关键词：
mushroom chaff of pleurotus eryngii;;feed;;feed safety;;fermentation conditions;;nutritional level
摘  要：
This paper aims to screen the optimal fermentation strains and conditions of pleurotus eryngii,and to evaluate its safety as a feed ingredient.In this paper,the mushroom bran feed was bought from a company in Jiangsu Province,then tested heavy metals,mycotoxins,pesticide residues and harmful microorganisms according to the national feed hygiene standards.Experimental design of different water content of mushroom bran(low 50%,medium 60%,high 70%)and three groups of different microbial starters(lactic acid bacteria,lactic acid bacteria-yeast,lactic acid bacteria-yeast-Bacillus subtilis)was set,the control group was set up without fermentation,then detected the general nutrients(crude protein,crude fiber,crude fat,dry matter),aerobic stability and mycotoxin every 24 hours.The results showed that all the safety indexes of mushroom bran feed before and after fermentation conformed to the national feed hygiene standard.When the moisture content of abalone mushroom bran feed was 60%,fermentation with lactic acid bacteria-yeast-bacillus subtilis compound starter was the best.Compared with the non-fermentation group,the crude protein content increased by 3.86%on average,and the crude fiber content decreased by 21.47%.Crude fat content increased by 12.58%,dry matter content decreased by 5.84%.Aerobic stability was also higher than other groups,biotoxin content decreased,AFB1,OTA,DON content decreased by 4.77%,40.42%,4.65%on average.The results showed that the mushroom chaff of pleurotus eryngii accorded with the national feed safety standard,and the nutritional level of the mushroom chaff of pleurotus eryngii increased after fermentation,while the mycotoxin decreased.When the moisture content of abalone mushroom bran feed was 60%,fermentation with lactic acid bacteria-yeast-bacillus subtilis compound starter was the best.

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