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GAP分析的方法及研究进展

作  者:
杨娜;王正军;张向新;张海州
单  位:
首都师范大学生命科学学院
关键词:
GAP分析;方法;研究进展;GIS
摘  要:
保护生物多样性已经成为迫在眉睫的任务,建立自然保护区已经被证实是保护自然资源和生态环境最重要、最有效的措施。尽管被保护的土地面积越来越大,但保护区并没有有效的保护全部的生物多样性。因此,GAP分析应运而生,它是利用地理信息系统(GIS)和卫星图像并结合实地调查资料来寻找现存保护区中没有的动物型和植被型。这些保护空缺(gaps)将在下一步的保护计划中优先被保护。从GAP分析的双重目标、利用数字地图层将物种分布信息和已经建立的保护区叠制的方法等方面叙述了它的基本理论、基本步骤和国内研究进展,并指出了我国GAP分析工作的一些不足:绝大部分地区的保护区的有效性还未评估;所做工作没有涉及到通过遥感图像制备地表植被图和获得与生境栖息地相关的精确的物种分布数据、不同生物种群、群落;生态系统的GAP分析研究还有大量的空白。
译  名:
The Method and Advance of GAP Analysis
作  者:
Yang Na Wang Zhengjun Zhang Xiangxin Zhang Haizhou(College of Life Sciences,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100037)
关键词:
GAP analysis Method Advance GIS
摘  要:
It is an urgent task to protect biodiversity for us.One of the most efficient ways to protect natural resources and ecosystems is to create protected areas(PAs).Although becoming bigger and bigger,PAs often do not represent the full range of biodiversity.Thus GAP analysis is coming to us.Using software of the geography information system(GIS),it combines satellite images with terrestrial survey sources to identify vegetation types and vertebrate species which are not represented in existing PAs.Once identified,these gaps are filled through new PA designations.This paper provides a brief overview of concepts and methods as well as advances in domestic and oversea,focusing on the double goal,overlaying of the species distribution and protected area data layers,et al.The authors demonstrate some short comings of Chinese GAP analysis:the effectiveness of most PAs has yet to be evaluated;both land cover map building on remote sensing techniques and accurate species distribution data related to their habitats have yet to be mentioned in our work;lots of species,communities and ecosystem that are poorly represented in current PAs have yet to be assessed.

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