作 者：
梁贤威;张双双;韦升菊;梁辛;杨承剑;邹彩霞;杨炳壮;梁明振
单 位：
广西大学动物科学技术学院;中国农业科学院广西水牛研究所
关键词：
泌乳水牛;茶油;葵花籽油;生产性能;脂肪酸组成
摘 要：
本文旨在研究饲粮中添加葵花籽油和茶油对泌乳水牛生产性能及乳脂脂肪酸组成的影响。选取32头健康泌乳水牛(平均年龄为6.0岁,平均体重为620 kg),按产奶量(9 kg/d以上)、泌乳期(处于泌乳中期)相近原则随机分为4组,进行为期6周的饲养试验,其中预试期2周,正试期4周。基础饲料由精料和粗料组成。对照组饲喂基础饲粮;在试验组的精料中分别添加4%的葵花籽油(葵花籽油组)、4%的茶油(茶油组)、2%的葵花籽油+2%的茶油(混合组)。结果表明:与对照组相比,各试验组的产奶量均显著下降(P<0.05),乳脂率均显著提高(P<0.05),乳脂产量、乳蛋白率和乳糖率则无显著变化(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,葵花籽油组、茶油组和混合组的乳总固形物含量分别提高了5.22%、7.95%和6.17%,其中茶油组和混合组与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,葵花籽油组乳脂中cis9,trans11-C18∶2[共轭亚油酸(CLA)]的含量提高了44.54%(P<0.05),混合组乳脂中trans11-C18∶1的含量提高了22.68%(P<0.05)。葵花籽油组、混合组乳脂中C18∶2的含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);葵花籽油组、茶油组和混合组的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)/饱和脂肪酸(SFA)均比对照组提高,且葵花籽油组和混合组显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其中混合组的PUFA/SFA最高。各组水牛的血液总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、葡萄糖、总蛋白、尿素氮含量及谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性差异不显著(P>0.05)。由此得出,泌乳水牛饲粮中添加精料饲喂量4%的葵花籽油、4%的茶油或2%的葵花籽油+2%的茶油合均可提高乳脂率和乳脂中CLA的含量,但会导致产奶量降低;优化乳脂脂肪酸组成上,以葵花籽油和茶油的混合添加效果较好。
译 名：
Effects of Sunflower Oil and Tea Oil Supplementations on Performance and Fatty Acid Composition of Milk Fat of Lactating Water Buffaloes
作 者：
LIANG Xianwei;ZHANG Shuangshuang;WEI Shengju;LIANG Xin;YANG Chengjian;ZOU Caixia;YANG Bingzhuang;LIANG Mingzhen;Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction Technology,Ministry of Agriculture (Guangxi) ,Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute ,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences;College of Animal Science ,Guangxi University;
关键词：
lactating water buffalo;;tea oil;;sunflower oil;;performance;;fatty acid composition
摘 要：
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of sunflower oil and tea oil supplementations on performance and fatty acid composition of milk fat of lactating water buffaloes.Thirty-two water buffalo(average age = 6 years,average body weight = 620 kg) were divided into 4 groups according to their milk yield(>9 kg/d) and lactation period(middle) for feeding trial,and whole feeding trial were 6 weeks included 2weeks for adaptation and 4 weeks for sampling.The basal diet was composed of forage and concentrate.For control group,the experimental water buffalo feed the basal diet,and for the other 3 experimental groups the diets containing the same forage but concentrates supplemented with 4% sunflower oil(sunflower oil group),4% tea oil(tea oil group),and 2% sunflower oil + 2% tea oil(mixed group),respectively.The results showed as follows: compared with the control group,the milk yield in the experimental groups was significantly decreased(P < 0.05),while the milk fat percentage was significantly increased(P < 0.05).For milk fat yield,milk protein percentage and lactose percentage,there were no significant differences among all groups(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,the milk total solid content in the sunflower oil,tea oil and mixed groups was increased by 5.22%,7.95% and 6.17%,respectively,and there was a significant difference between the control group and the tea oil and mixed groups(P< 0.05).Compared with the control group,the cis9,trans11-C18∶ 2(conjugated linoleic acid,CLA) content of milk fat in the sunflower oil group was increased by 44.54%(P< 0.05),and the trans11-C18∶ 1 content of milk fat in the mixed group was increased by22.68%(P< 0.05).Compared with the control group,the C18∶ 2 content of milk fat in the sunflower oil and mixed groups was significantly increased(P< 0.05).Compared with the control group,polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA)/saturated fatty acid(SFA) in the sunflower oil,tea oil and mixed groups was increased,and there was a significant difference between the control group and the sunflower oil and mixed groups(P< 0.05).The highest PUFA/SFA was found in the mixed group.There were no significant differences in the contents of total cholesterol(TCHO),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein(HDL),low-density lipoprotein(LDL-C),glucose(GLU),total protein(TP),urea nitrogen(UN) and the activities of aspartate aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST) in blood among all groups(P> 0.05).In conclusion,for water buffaloes,concentrate supplemented with 4% sunflower oil,4% tea oil or 2% sunflower oil+ 2% tea oil can increase the milk fat percentage and milk fat CLA content,but decrease the milk yield.For the better fatty acid composition in buffalo milk fat,supplemented with 2% sunflower oil + 2% tea oil has the better effect.
