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不同储粮环境作用下马拉硫磷在粮食上的残留消解动态

作  者:
王松雪;苏福荣;谢刚;凌家煜
单  位:
国家粮食局科学研究院
关键词:
粮食储藏;马拉硫磷;农药残留;降解
摘  要:
本实验以我国储粮生态理论为指导,通过利用人工气候箱模拟三种典型储粮环境-储粮不利环境A(30℃,RH75%)、温和环境B(20℃,RH60%)以及低温环境C(4~10℃,自然湿度),研究了常用储粮药剂主要成分——马拉硫磷在这些储粮环境下主要粮种(小麦、玉米、稻谷)上的残留降解情况。结果表明,马拉硫磷在小麦、玉米和稻谷上的半衰期在A环境中分别为17.4、8.2和6.6w,在B环境中分别为24.8、14.5和14.7w,在C环境中分别为62.4、25.7和43.9w。粮种和环境温湿度对马拉硫磷的降解都有明显影响,三种环境对马拉硫磷残留的影响程度依次为A>B>C。在低温环境下,所考察粮食上的残留较高且降解缓慢。
译  名:
Degradation Behavior of Residue of Malathion in Three Typical Storage Environments of Grain
作  者:
WANG Song-xue,SU Fu-rong,XIE Gang,LING Jia-yu (Academy of State Grain Administration of China, Beijing 100037, China)
关键词:
grain storage;malathion;degradation;residue
摘  要:
Based on grain storage ecology, the degradation behavior of grain protectant, malathion was studied in climate chambers simulating three typical storage environments of grain, namely 75% relative humidity at 30 ℃(adverse conditions), 60% relative humidity at 20 ℃(mild conditions) and cold (4~10 ℃) (low-temperature conditions) . And test grains were wheat, corn and paddy rice. The results showed that half-lifes of malathion in grains tested are 24.8 , 14.5 and 14.7 w respectively in mild conditions, 17.4 , 8.2 and 6.6 w respectively in adverse conditions, and 62.4 , 25.7 and 43.9 w respectively in low-temperature conditions. And the persistence of malathion is observably influenced by storage conditions such as moisture and temperature and type of grain stored. It is noted that especially for low-temperature conditions, the amounts of malathion residue are high in test grains , and degradation rate is slow.

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