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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 稻草全量还田对水稻生长特性及稻米品质的影响 江西农业大学学报 2018,40 (3) 454-463
Position: Home > Articles > The Effects of Total Rice Straw Incorporation on Rice Growth Characteristics and Rice Quality Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis 2018,40 (3) 454-463

稻草全量还田对水稻生长特性及稻米品质的影响

作  者：
王苏影;吴建富;黄山;熊清云;谭雪明;石庆华;潘晓华
单  位：
江西农业大学双季稻现代化生产协同创新中心/作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室/江西省作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室;南昌市农业科学院粮油作物研究所
关键词：
稻草全量还田;水稻;生长特性;产量;稻米品质
摘  要：
为探明稻草全量还田对抛栽双季稻生长的影响,以淦鑫203、陆两优996和淦鑫688和五丰优T025为早、晚季试验材料,采用裂区设计,研究了稻草全量还田不施化肥(SF0)、稻草不还田不施化肥(S0F0)、稻草全量还田施用化肥(SF)和稻草不还田施用化肥(S0F)4个处理对抛栽水稻生长发育及稻米品质的影响。结果表明,相同施肥条件下,稻草全量还田较不还田能够增加水稻产量和有效穗。相同稻草还田条件下,施肥处理较不施肥处理能显著增加有效穗、穗粒数和产量。稻草全量还田,淦鑫203、陆两优996、五丰优T025和淦鑫688产量增幅分别为131.10%、109.52%、65.66%和56.69%;稻草不还田,产量增幅分别为135.93%、111.02%、72.72%和66.53%。相同施肥条件下,一次枝梗分化数、二次枝梗分化数、颖花分化数及退化率均是稻草全量还田大于不还田处理。一次枝梗现存数、二次枝梗现存数、颖花现存数与每穗粒数和产量呈显著或极显著正相关,而与水稻结实率呈显著或极显著负相关。稻草全量还田以及施肥能够提高稻谷的加工品质、食味品质和营养品质。
译  名：
The Effects of Total Rice Straw Incorporation on Rice Growth Characteristics and Rice Quality
作  者：
WANG Su-ying;WU Jian-fu;HUANG Shan;XIONG Qing-yun;TAN Xue-ming;SHI Qing-hua;PAN Xiao-hua;Collaborative Innovation Center for the Modernization Production of Double Cropping Rice,Jiangxi Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology,Ecology and Genetic Breeding,Ministry of Education/Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology,Ecology and Genetic Breeding;Grain and Oil Crops Research Institute of Nanchang Academy of Agricultural Sciences;
关键词：
total rice straw incorporation;;rice;;growth characteristics;;yield;;rice quality
摘  要：
In order to determine the impact of total rice straw incorporation on the growth of scatteredplanting double-season rice,using Ganxin 203,Luliangyou 996,Ganxin 688 and Wufengyou T025 as early and late rice materials,the effects of no fertilization with total rice straw incorporation(SF0) 、no fertilization without straw rice incorporation(S0 F0) 、total straw rice incorporation with fertilizers(SF) and total rice straw incorporation without fertilizers(SF0) on the scattered planting rice growth development and rice quality were studied by split plot design.The results showed that under the same fertilization conditions,total rice straw incorporation can increase the yield and effective panicles of rice. Under the same straw returning conditions,fertilization treatment can significantly increase the number of effective panicles,grains per spike and yield compared with no fertilization treatment.With total rice straw incorporation,the yield increase rate of Ganxin 203,Lu Liangyou996,Wufengyou T025,Ganxin 688 was 131.10%,109.52%,65.66% and 56.69%,respectively.While under no rice straw incorporation,the yield increase rate was 135.93%,111.02%,72.72% and 66.53%,respectively.Under the same fertilization conditions,the number of differentiated primary branches,differentiated secondary branches,differentiated spikelets and percentage of retrograded spikelets with total rice straw incorporation were higher than no rice straw incorporation in early and late rice. There were significant or extremely significant positive correlations between survived primary branches,survived secondary branches,survived spikelets,the number of grains per panicle and yield,but there was a significant or extremely negative correlation with the seed setting rate of rice. Total rice straw incorporation and fertilization treatment can improve the processing quality,eating quality and nutritional quality of rice.

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