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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 笼养白头鹤繁殖期昼间行为研究 野生动物学报 2017 (3) 400-409
Position: Home > Articles > Diurnal Behavior of Captive Hooded Crane(Grus monacha)in Breeding Season Chinese Journal of Wildlife 2017 (3) 400-409

笼养白头鹤繁殖期昼间行为研究

作  者：
田秀华;刘畅;朱赫丹;柏永明;张玥
单  位：
东北林业大学野生动物资源学院;长春动植物公园
关键词：
白头鹤;繁殖期;行为
摘  要：
2014~2015年4~6月,采用瞬时扫描法和计时法对长春市动植物园内已配对多年的成年白头鹤(Grus monacha)进行交尾及孵化期行为观察。观察结果表明:笼养白头鹤交尾期行为时间分配比例以护理(24%)、游走(25%)、站立(16%)、采食(15%)为主要行为;孵化期以繁殖行为(50%)为主;其他各行为比例均低于10%。交尾和孵化期雌雄性各行为时间分配比例均无明显差异(P>0.05)。随着孵化期由前到后及环境温度的逐渐升高,笼养白头鹤平均晾卵时间在前期为(3.21±0.57)min,到孵化中期延长至(4.04±1.25)min,到后期增大至约前期的4倍(13.04±2.08)min。孵化平均时间为前期(42.36±10.19)min,中期增加至(64.91±26.03)min,到后期又回落至约前期水平(45.42±8.42)min,且雌性孵化时长显著高于雄性。换孵次数到后期下降。孵化期采食、踱步、休息和晾卵行为比例在晴天高于阴天。游走、护理及孵化行为在阴天比例明显升高。交尾期白头鹤各行为在特定时间段内均表现出不同程度的高低峰,至孵化期白头鹤全天各时段均以繁殖行为为主,所占比例最高(40%~60%),其余行为比例在各时段均保持10%左右。
译  名：
Diurnal Behavior of Captive Hooded Crane(Grus monacha)in Breeding Season
作  者：
Tian Xiuhua;Liu Chang;Zhu Hedan;Bai Yongming;Zhang Yue;College of Wildlife Resources,Northeast Forestry University;Changchun Park of Animals and Plant;
关键词：
Hooded crane;;Breeding season;;Behavior
摘  要：
From April to June in 2014 and 2015,we observed the behavior of adult paired hooded crane(Grus monacha) during mating and nesting periods by instantaneous scanning method and timing method at Changchun Zoological Park.During the mating period,preening(24%),walking(25%),standing(16%),eating(15%) were the main activities.During the nesting period,reproductive behavior(50%) was dominant,and time budget of other behaviors were all lower than 10%.Time budgets of all behaviors were similar for males and females in both mating and incubation periods(P > 0.05).With the progress of incubation period and the environment temperature gradually increasing,the average time of cooling eggs was(3.21±0.57) min in early phase,(4.04±1.25) min in middle phase,and(13.04±2.08) min in late phase.Average time of hatching was(42.36±10.19) min in early phase,(64.91±26.03) min in middle phase,and(45.42 ±8.42) min in late phase,and female spent significantly more time on the nest during hatching than did males.The frequency of replace hatching decreased in the late phase.The proportion of feeding,pacing,rest and cooling eggs was higher on sunny days than on cloudy days.Proportion of walking,nursing and hatching was higher on cloudy days.During the mating period,all behaviors showed peak and ebb at certain time periods of the day.During the hatching period,reproductive behavior was dominant during each time period of the day,accounting for 40% to 60%,and other behaviors occupied around 10% of each time period of the day.

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