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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 梳齿往复式杭白菊采摘装置设计与试验 农业机械学报 2019 (12) 73-79+97
Position: Home > Articles > Design and Test of Comb-teeth Reciprocating Chrysanthemum morifolium Picking Device Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery 2019 (12) 73-79+97

梳齿往复式杭白菊采摘装置设计与试验

作  者：
王荣炎;郑志安;鹿秀风;崔宝聪;高磊
单  位：
中国农业大学中国农业机械化发展研究中心;山东理工职业学院;中国农业大学工学院
关键词：
杭白菊;采摘;梳齿;往复式
摘  要：
针对杭白菊采摘耗费人力、采摘效率低等问题,设计了一种小型实用的梳齿往复式杭白菊采摘装置。根据杭白菊的生长特性和采摘要求,利用Solid Works软件进行采摘装置的结构建模,该采摘装置利用梳齿梳脱和辊刷清扫作用以及曲柄摇杆机构的急回特性实现杭白菊的采收作业。为了获得该装置的最佳工作参数,进行了田间试验。首先,通过单因素采摘试验,确定了梳齿往复频率、梳齿间距、梳齿工作深度为影响采摘效果的3个主要因素;然后,以梳齿往复频率、梳齿间距、梳齿工作深度为试验因素,以杭白菊采摘率、含杂率、破损率和落地损失率为评价指标,进行了正交试验,试验结果表明:在梳齿往复频率40 r/min、梳齿间距6. 5 mm、梳齿工作深度200 mm的参数组合下,采摘效果最佳,此时,杭白菊的采摘率为92. 47%,含杂率为11. 07%,破损率为1. 48%,落地损失率为1. 41%。所设计的梳齿往复式杭白菊采摘装置获得到了较好的采摘效果。
译  名：
Design and Test of Comb-teeth Reciprocating Chrysanthemum morifolium Picking Device
作  者：
WANG Rongyan;ZHENG Zhian;LU Xiufeng;CUI Baocong;GAO Lei;College of Engineering,China Agricultural University;China Research Center for Agricultural Mechanization Development,China Agricultural University;Shandong Polytechnic College;
关键词：
Chrysanthemum morifolium;;picking;;comb-teeth;;reciprocating
摘  要：
Aiming at the problems of manpower consumption and low picking efficiency of Hangzhou white chrysanthemum, a small and practical comb-tooth reciprocating device for Hangzhou white chrysanthemum picking was designed. According to the growth characteristics and picking abstracts of Hangzhou white chrysanthemum, the structure of the picking device was modeled by SolidWorks software,and the picking device was built. The device utilized comb stripping and rolling brushing cleaning functions of comb and the quick return characteristics of crank-rocker mechanism to achieve the harvesting of Chrysanthemum morifolium. The physical and mechanical properties of Chrysanthemum morifolium were tested. In order to obtain the optimum working parameters of the device,field tests were carried out. Firstly,through single factor picking test,three main factors affecting picking effect were determined,namely,comb reciprocating frequency,comb spacing and comb working depth. Then,with comb reciprocating frequency,comb spacing and comb working depth as experimental factors,the orthogonal test was carried out to evaluate the picking rate,impurity content,breakage rate and landing rate of Chrysanthemum morifolium. Under the combination of reciprocating frequency of comb as40 r/min,distance of comb as 6. 5 mm and working depth of comb as 200 mm,the picking effect was the best. At this time,the picking rate of Chrysanthemum morifolium was 92. 47%,the impurity rate was11. 07%,the damage rate was 1. 48%,and the landing rate was 1. 41%. The comb reciprocating picking device of Hangzhou white chrysanthemum achieved good picking effect.

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