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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 天然次生林和4种人工林树冠层蚂蚁功能多样性研究 环境昆虫学报 2019 (1) 98-105
Position: Home > Articles > Study of functional diversity of canopy foraging ant communities in secondary natural forest and four types of plantations Journal of Environmental Entomology 2019 (1) 98-105

天然次生林和4种人工林树冠层蚂蚁功能多样性研究

作  者：
赵婧文;卢志兴;王庆;陈又清
单  位：
中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所
关键词：
土地利用变化;树冠层蚂蚁;功能多样性;人工林;生态系统功能
摘  要：
为了探讨不同类型林地中树冠层蚂蚁功能多样性的变化,本研究采用树栖蚂蚁陷阱法调查云南省绿春县天然次生林和4种人工林的树冠层蚂蚁群落,并调查了植物多样性及植物垂直密度变化。测定54种蚂蚁的头长、头宽、胸长和后足腿节长,并计算和比较了不同类型样地间的功能丰富度、功能均匀度和功能离散度的差异。结果表明:(1)不同类型林地间树冠层蚂蚁的功能丰富度指数(FR_(ic))有显著差异,紫胶林和紫胶林-玉米混农林显著高于桉树林、天然次生林和橡胶林,同时橡胶林显著高于桉树林;不同类型林地间树冠层蚂蚁的功能均匀度指数(FE_(ve))有显著差异,天然次生林和紫胶林显著高于桉树林。不同类型林地间树冠层蚂蚁的功能离散度指数(FD_(iv))有显著差异,桉树林、橡胶林和紫胶林显著高于紫胶林-玉米混农林,且橡胶林显著高于天然次生林。(2)树冠层蚂蚁功能均匀度随枯落物盖度的增加而升高;功能离散度随枯落物盖度、草本植物盖度和>300 cm处的垂直密度的增加而升高。不同林地类型中紫胶林的树冠层蚂蚁功能多样性相对较高,而这其中枯落物盖度、草本植物盖度和>300 cm处的垂直密度等环境因素起到一定积极的作用,因此对人工林进行合理的管护有利于生态系统功能的实现和保护。
译  名：
Study of functional diversity of canopy foraging ant communities in secondary natural forest and four types of plantations
作  者：
ZHAO Jing-Wen;LU Zhi-Xing;WANG Qing;CHEN You-Qing;Research Institute of Resources Insects of Chinese Academy of Forestry;
单  位：
ZHAO Jing-Wen%LU Zhi-Xing%WANG Qing%CHEN You-Qing%Research Institute of Resources Insects of Chinese Academy of Forestry
关键词：
Land use change;;canopy foraging ants;;functional diversity;;artificial plantation;;ecosystem function
摘  要：
To explore the variation of the functional diversity of canopy ant communities in different forestry vegetations, the canopy ants were investigated in secondary natural forest, eucalyptus plantations, lac insect-corn agroforests, rubber plantations and lac insect plantations by trap at Lüchun County, Yunnan Province. Meanwhile, the plant diversity and foliage density were investigated. Head length, head width, weber's length and femur length of hind leg of 54 ant species were measured. Difference in functional richness, functional evenness and functional divergence were compared among different sites.(1) There was significant difference of canopy foraging ant functional richness FR_(ic) among different sites. Lac insect plantations and lac insect-corn agroforests were higher than eucalyptus plantations, secondary natural forests and rubber plantations. And rubber plantations was higher than eucalyptus plantations. There was significant difference of canopy foraging ant functional evenness FE_(ve) among different sites. Secondary natural forests and lac insect plantations were higher than eucalyptus plantations. There was significant difference of canopy foraging ant functional divergence FD_(iv) among different sites. Eucalyptus plantations, rubber plantations and lac insect plantations were higher than lac insect-corn agroforests. And rubber plantations was higher than secondary natural forests.(2) Functional evenness of canopy foraging ants decreased with increasing of leaf-litter coverage. Functional divergence of canopy foraging ants increased with increasing of leaf-litter coverage, herbage coverage and vertical density above 300 cm. Functional diversity of lac insect plantations was relatively high among five sites, where leaf-litter coverage, herbage coverage and vertical density above 300 cm had positive effect on it. Therefore, reasonable management of artificial forest will be beneficial to the realization and protection of ecosystem function.

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