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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 小果型西瓜新品种'圣女红3号'的优质高产栽培技术研究 上海农业学报 2019 (3) 90-94
Position: Home > Articles > 小果型西瓜新品种'圣女红3号'的优质高产栽培技术研究 Acta Agriculturae Shanghai 2019 (3) 90-94

小果型西瓜新品种'圣女红3号'的优质高产栽培技术研究

作  者：
宋荣浩;杨红娟;李超汉;朱丽华;顾卫红;倪秀红;陈建才
单  位：
上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所/上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室
关键词：
小果型西瓜;优质;高产;设施栽培技术
摘  要：
'圣女红3号'是上海市农业科学院园艺研究所育成的特早熟、优质、小果型西瓜新品种,该品种综合抗病抗逆性强、品质优、果皮韧性强、耐贮运,可采收二茬瓜.为提高'圣女红3号'的品质和商品产量,加速新品种的推广,开展了配套栽培技术研究.结果表明:'圣女红3号'的春播早熟覆盖栽培,采用单蔓整枝方式为佳,即保留主蔓,摘除所有侧蔓,并控制主蔓上第二或第三雌花坐果,比留侧蔓坐果提早4-6 d上市,商品瓜产量增加11. 1%.单蔓整枝最佳种植密度以株距22-25 cm、行距250 cm、11 500-12 500株/hm~2为佳,基肥施用量以精制有机肥22. 5 t/hm~2+狮马牌复合肥375 kg/hm~2为宜.膨瓜肥采用叶面追肥方式为佳,坐果后每4-5 d叶面喷施一次500倍液狮马牌高钾叶面肥(N∶P∶K=7%∶12%∶40%),每次15 kg/hm~2,商品瓜产量比不追肥对照增产26. 8%,比传统滴灌或穴施追肥方式增产20%以上,并显著提高了果实的品质.
作  者：
SONG Rong-hao;YANG Hong-juan;LI Chao-han;ZHU Li-hua;GU Wei-hong;NI Xiu-hong;CHEN Jian-cai;Eco-Environment and Plant Protection Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology;Horticultural Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Pudong New-District Agro-Technology Extension Center;
关键词：
Small-fruited watermelon;;Good quality;;High yield;;Greenhouse culture techniques
摘  要：
In order to improve the fruit quality and yield of the new small-fruited watermelon cultivar‘Shengnühong 3',the greenhouse culture techniques of the cultivar were studied. ‘Shengnühong 3'is suitable for spring greenhouse culture in Shanghai and its surrounding areas. The results showed that a single-vine pruning method which kept the main branch was the most suitable to the cultivar's spring greenhouse cultivation,and selected the 2 nd or 3 rd female flower on 10th to 14th nodes for fruit setting. Its suitable planting density was 11 500—12 500 plants/hm~2 with plant spacing 22—25 cm and row spacing 250 cm. Before planting,375 kg/hm~2 Shima Brand complex fertilizer (N ∶ P ∶ K = 15% ∶ 15% ∶ 15%) plus 22. 5 t/hm~2 organic fertilizer should be applied. During the fruit expansion period,it should be fertilized with the foliar topdressing. The foliar application of 7. 5 kg/hm~2 of 500-fold solution of Shima Brand high potassium fertilizer (N∶ P∶ K = 7% ∶ 12% ∶ 40%) should be sprayed every 4—5 d. It could increase the fruit yield by 26. 8% comparing with no topdressing (CK),and the fruit quality improved significantly.

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