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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 苏系西门塔尔牛的染色体1/29易位及其效应 畜牧兽医学报 1988 (1) 10-14
Position: Home > Articles > 1/29 CHROMOSOME TRANSLOCATION OF SIIMMENTAL IN CHINA AND ITS EFFECTS Chinese Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences 1988 (1) 10-14

苏系西门塔尔牛的染色体1/29易位及其效应

作  者：
于汝梁;陈琳;陈幼春;贾恩堂
单  位：
中国农业科学院畜牧研究所遗传室
摘  要：
染色体检查,是一些发达国家在进行良种纯繁中,检查优秀个体是否存在遗传畸形的法定程序。1982—1984年和1987年两次对内蒙哲里木盟地区共192头苏系西门塔尔牛做了细胞遗传学检查,共检出易位牛40头(30头母牛,10头公牛)。1981年以前苏系西门塔尔牛进行小群闭锁繁育,1981年(包括1981)以前出生的99头牛中,易位牛占28头,易位牛检出率为28.28％。自1981年用染色体正常公牛精液配种,1981年以后出生的93头牛中易位牛为12头,易位牛检出率降至12.90％。对1982～1984年检出的24头易位母牛和8头易位公牛所做的谱系分析表明,易位公牛,特别是易位纯合体公牛在易位染色体扩散中起重要作用。36头染色体正常母牛第一胎305天平均产奶量比18头易位母牛的仅高140千克,二者差异不显著。比较了1983和1984两年共113头正常母牛和42头易位母牛的受胎率(以怀孕后三个月计算),易位母牛受胎率降低了17.26％,二者差异显著。21头易位母牛的42个产犊间隔比51头染色体正常母牛的107个产犊间隔平均长87天,二者差异极显著。讨论了牛的染色体异常对繁殖的影响,提出在西门塔尔牛育种中避免易位染色体扩散应采取的措施。
译  名：
1/29 CHROMOSOME TRANSLOCATION OF SIIMMENTAL IN CHINA AND ITS EFFECTS
作  者：
Yu Ruliang, Chen Lin, Chen Youchun ( Division of Genetics, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences) Jia Entang ( Animal Improvement Station in Zhelimu District, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region )
摘  要：
One hundred and ninty two Soviet Union Simmental progenies were examined cytogenetically in animal improvement station of Zhe-limu District and Gadasu state farm, Inner Mongolia at 1982-1934 and 1987. The chromosome 1/29 translocation was found in 30 cows and 10 bulls. Closed-flock breeding was carried out in this simmental population before 1981, and the rate of translocation carriers was 28.28% in 99 animals born before 1981 ( including 1931 ) . Normal bulls have been used for breeding from 1981, and the rate of translocation carriers was reduced to 12.90% in 93 animals born after 1981. Family analysis of 8 bulls and 24 cows with the 1/29 translocation indicated that a homozy-gous bull for the 1/29 translocation plaied an important role in spreading 1/29 translocation. There was no significant difference in milking production between 31 normal and 18 translocation cows. The fertility of the cows carrying the 1/29 translocation was reduced and non-returned rate to service at 90 day pointed to a reduction of 17.25%, expressed as percentage of the mean rate of the chromosomally normal cows.The mean length of 42 calving intervals from 21 cows carrying the 1/29 translocation was 87 days longer than it of 107 calving intervals from 51 normal cows.

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