译 名：
Comparison of two catches of light-fishing in the Northwest Pacific
作 者：
DONG Xiu-qiang;LI Ling-zhi;HUANG Hong-liang;TANG Feng-hua;College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University;Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation,Ministry of Agriculture,East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences;Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Fishing,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences;
单 位：
DONG Xiu-qiang%LI Ling-zhi%HUANG Hong-liang%TANG Feng-hua%College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University%Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation,Ministry of Agriculture,East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences%Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Fishing,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
关键词：
Scomber japonicus;;marine environment;;GAM model;;high seas of the Northwest Pacific
摘 要：
Based on the survey data collected from light lift net and light purse seine in the Northwest Pacific from August to November in 2016,the characteristics of fishery resource utilization of two fishing methods were compared. The results showed that light lift net catched a total of 18 species and the species richness index was 0. 30,the dominant species were Scomber japonicus,Ommastrephe sbartrami and Sardinops sagax,and dominance index were 0. 53,0. 07 and 0. 26; light purse seine catched a total of 15 species and the species richness index was 0. 22,the dominant species were Scomber japonicus,Ommastrephes bartrami and Cololabis saira,and dominance index were 0. 84,0. 03 and 0. 01. Therefore,the species selectivity of the two fishing methods was good; Scomber japonicus fork length range of light lift net was 10. 4-39. 8 cm,the dominant length group was 17. 0-19. 0 cm and 27. 0-29. 0 cm,accounted for 19. 9% and 18. 9%. The proportion of small fish( fork length less than 25 cm) was 39. 3%. Light purse seine Scomber japonicus fork length range was 14. 1-42. 2 cm,the dominant length group was 27. 0-30. 0 cm,accounted for 19. 9%.The proportion of smaller fish( fork length less than 25 cm) was 21. 24%. The proportion of small fish in light lift net was significantly higher than that of light purse seine,but the total number of small fish per net was the opposite. Light lift net Ommastrephes bartrami mantle length range was 3. 0-32. 8 cm,the dominant length group was 21. 0-27. 0 cm,accounted for 76. 8%. The proportion of small fish( mantle length less than 25 cm) was 63. 26%. Light purse seine Ommastrephes bartrami mantle length range was 3. 5-43. 2 cm,the dominant length group was 25. 0-32. 0 cm,accounted for 19. 9%. The proportion of small fish was 23. 6%;light lift net showed a higher proportion of small fish,but the average catches weight of small fish in each haul was similar. From August to November,the monthly average Catch Per Unit Effort( CPUE) distribution range of light lift net was( 0. 8-2. 0) × 10~3 kg·h~(-1),and the average monthly CPUE distribution of the light purse seine in the same period was( 2. 6-5. 6) × 10~3 kg·h~(-1). Taking the fishing power and operation time as the main influencing factors,the CPUE of two fishing methods was compared,and the difference in saliency analysis showed that the CPUE of the light purse seine was significantly higher than that of the light lift net( P < 0. 05); in addition,the lighting configuration of two modes of fishing gears was the same,so it is presumed that the lighting configuration of the light lift net was too large,and it did not match the main scale of the net tool; according to the above-mentioned characteristics of resource utilization,to promote the rational use of fishery resources,it is suggested that the light lift net should be appropriately increased in the minimum mesh size or added with the immature juvenile fish release device,and the luminous intensity of lamp light should be reduced; the fishing effort of the light pure seine should be strictly controlled. The above conclusions can provide reference for the management of the seine fishery and the optimization of fishing gear and fishing methods in the high seas.
